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@ -4,58 +4,81 @@ Tags: Opera, Franks, Magyars, Mongols
Category: Opera Category: Opera
Have you heard of Lohengrin? It is a German Opera written and composed by Have you heard of [Lohengrin](https://open.spotify.com/album/3NtcDdgDLlnptu72CWBxWM){target="_blank"}?
Richard Wagner in 1850. I happen to think that German Opera is more It is a German Opera written and composed by
[Richard Wagner](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Wagner){target="_blank"}
in 1850. I happen to think that German Opera is more
entertaining than Italian Opera, but enough about me. entertaining than Italian Opera, but enough about me.
### King Ludwig II ### King Ludwig II
Which brings me to King Ludwig II of Bavaria. If I understand correctly, Which brings me to
King Ludwig was very fond of Lohengrin, and built Neuschwanstein Castle [King Ludwig II of Bavaria](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ludwig_II_of_Bavaria){target="_blank"}.
If I understand correctly,
King Ludwig was very fond of Lohengrin, and built
[Neuschwanstein Castle](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neuschwanstein_Castle){target="_blank"}
as a private world for himself where he could live alone in a fantasy as a private world for himself where he could live alone in a fantasy
inspired by the *Knight of the Swan* Legend, on which Lohengrin inspired by the
is based. *[Knight of the Swan Legend](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knight_of_the_Swan){target="_blank"}*,
on which Lohengrin is based.
But don't judge King Ludwig II too harshly: he was after all a cigar connoisseur, But don't judge King Ludwig II too harshly: he was after all a cigar connoisseur,
drove a smoking-hot golden carriage, and Neuschwanstein Castle is drove a smoking-hot golden carriage, and Neuschwanstein Castle is
an excellent place to take selfies. You really should visit the an excellent place to take selfies. You really should visit the
Marstallmuseum at Nymphenburg Palace in Munich and see the golden [Marstallmuseum](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marstallmuseum){target="_blank"}
carriage. at [Nymphenburg Palace in Munich](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nymphenburg_Palace){target="_blank"} and see the
[golden carriage](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:New_Dress_Coach_of_King_Ludwig_II.jpg){target="_blank"}.
Needless to say, Lohengrin is quite different from the Strauss Operas Needless to say, Lohengrin is quite different from the
[Strauss Operas](https://open.spotify.com/album/2g12QZ0wXFoyOyDo8nUUsM){target="_blank"}
that your great-great-great Grandmother used to listen to on that your great-great-great Grandmother used to listen to on
her smartphone in the bathtub. her smartphone in the bathtub.
### Lohengrin ### Lohengrin
So what happens in Lohengrin? King Henry the Fowler fights the Magyars. So what happens in Lohengrin?
This means we have to talk about the Magyars, King Henry's Son Otto, [King Henry the Fowler](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_the_Fowler){target="_blank"}
the Battle of Augsburg which is sometimes called the Battle of Lechfeld, fights the [Magyars](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarians){target="_blank"}.
and the Mongols! This means we have to talk about the Magyars, King Henry's Son
[King Otto I](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otto_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor){target="_blank"},
the [Battle of Augsburg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Lechfeld){target="_blank"}
which is sometimes called the Battle of Lechfeld,
and the [Mongols](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mongols){target="_blank"}!
### Magyars ### Magyars
Ok, the Magyars are descended from a nomadic-steppe-people who settled on Ok, the Magyars are descended from a nomadic-steppe-people who settled on
the Hungarian Plain, which is sometimes called the Carpathian Plain. the [Hungarian Plain](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Hungarian_Plain){target="_blank"},
which is sometimes called the Carpathian Plain.
Unfortunately for them, the Hungarian Plain was not quite vast Unfortunately for them, the Hungarian Plain was not quite vast
enough to support a prosperous nomadic lifestyle. And so for some hundreds enough to support a prosperous nomadic lifestyle. And so for some hundreds
of years, the Magyars raided and pillaged all over Europe. It should be noted that of years, the Magyars raided and pillaged all over Europe. It should be noted that
Hungary considers 1896 to be the 1000th anniversary of the Magyars entering Hungary considers 1896 to be the 1000th anniversary of the Magyars entering the Carpathian Plain,
the Carpathian Plain, and in that year many memorials, monuments, and museums and in that year many memorials, monuments, and museums were
were built in Budapest. [built in Budapest](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Budapest#19th_century){target="_blank"}.
As stated above, the Magyars came into conflict with King Henry the Fowler As stated above, the Magyars came into conflict with King Henry the Fowler
who was the King of East Frankia. East Frankia evolved from the Eastern Parts of the who was the King of
Carolingian Empire that was originally put together by Charlemagne. Indeed, [East Frankia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East_Francia){target="_blank"}.
there is today a region of Bavaria called Franconia, which has excellent East Frankia evolved from the Eastern Parts of the
regional passenger trains connecting innumerable picturesque little cities and towns [Carolingian Empire](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carolingian_Empire)
which are perfect for taking selfies and drinking the local bier. But I digress. that was originally put together by
[Charlemagne](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charlemagne){target="_blank"}.
Indeed, there is today a region of Bavaria called
[Franconia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franconia){target="_blank"}, which has
[excellent regional passenger trains](https://www.vgn.de/en/tickets/all-day-ticket-plus/){target="_blank"}
connecting innumerable picturesque little cities and towns
which are perfect for taking [selfies](https://photos.app.goo.gl/odqMdaJvpB528WaQ8){target="_blank"}
and [drinking the local bier](https://photos.app.goo.gl/vLCGa7c8xAqEJ15D8){target="_blank"}.
But I digress.
### Battle of Lechfeld ### Battle of Lechfeld
The Magyars were finally defeated by King Henry the Fowler's son King Otto I The Magyars were finally defeated by King Henry the Fowler's son King Otto I
near Augsburg in 910, Augsburg being an ancient city in Bavaria that goes all near Augsburg in 955, [Augsburg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Augsburg){target="_blank"}
being an ancient city in Bavaria that goes all
the way back to the Roman Empire. the way back to the Roman Empire.
King Otto I of East Frankia was the greatest King since Charlemagne, and the King Otto I of East Frankia was the greatest King since Charlemagne, and the
Battle of Lechfeld was equal in importance to the Battle of Hastings in 1066, Battle of Lechfeld was equal in importance to the
[Battle of Hastings in 1066](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Hastings){target="_blank"},
in the context of European History, but deeper analysis of that is above my in the context of European History, but deeper analysis of that is above my
pay grade. (This is a free blog post) pay grade. (This is a free blog post)
@ -63,7 +86,7 @@ pay grade. (This is a free blog post)
Anyway, the Magyars gave up their raiding, became Christianized, and adopted Anyway, the Magyars gave up their raiding, became Christianized, and adopted
a more agrarian lifestyle on the Hungarian Plain where they founded the Nation a more agrarian lifestyle on the Hungarian Plain where they founded the Nation
of Hungary around the year 1000. In the 13th Century, the Mongols invaded Hungary, of Hungary around the year 1000. In the 13th Century, the Mongols invaded Hungary,
but were never able to advance beyond Hungary into Western Europe. [but were never able to advance beyond Hungary into Western Europe](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Mongol_invasion_of_Hungary){target="_blank"}.
For more riveting entertainment about the Mongols, I recommend Dan Carlin's Hardcore For more riveting entertainment about the Mongols, I recommend Dan Carlin's Hardcore
History Podcast, in particular the subseries *Wrath of The Khans*. History Podcast, in particular the subseries *Wrath of The Khans*.