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<h1><a class="text-decoration-none text-dark fs-2" href="https://blog.trentpalmer.org/">Attention Span History</a></h1>
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title="Permalink to Battle In The Middle Ages">Battle In The Middle Ages</a></h2>
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<time class="published" datetime="2021-07-27T00:00:00-07:00">
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Tue 27 July 2021
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<address class="vcard author">
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By <a class="url fn" href="https://blog.trentpalmer.org/author/trent-palmer.html">Trent Palmer</a>
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Category: <a href="https://blog.trentpalmer.org/category/war.html">War</a>
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<p>There were three type of battles in Europe in the Middle Ages:</p>
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<ol>
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<li><a href="#raids">Raids</a></li>
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<li><a href="#sieges">Sieges</a></li>
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<li><a href="#field-battles">Field-Battles</a></li>
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</ol>
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<p>There were two types of soldiers in Europe in the Middle Ages:</p>
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<ol>
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<li>cavalry</li>
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<li>and infantry.</li>
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</ol>
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<h3 id="raids">Raids</h3>
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<p>Infantry tended to not be used in raids, because horses had
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the advantage in speed and mobility.</p>
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<h3 id="sieges">Sieges</h3>
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<p>Cavalry were not much use in sieges, but when infantry were not
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available, the cavalry could obviously dismount.</p>
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<p>Later in the Middle Ages, infantry began using CrossBows, which
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were easy to use, and effective in sieges. And so, when infantry
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were available for sieges, they would often use CrossBows, and
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would often be Mercenaries.</p>
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<h3 id="field-battles">Field-Battles</h3>
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<p>In set-piece battles, cavalry and infantry could work together.</p>
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<p>For instance cavalry could not charge infantry that were in tight formation
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with spears. But cavalry were useful for attacking the enemy's flanks,
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and for pursuit in the case of a rout. However, for economic reasons,
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most field battles were fought between cavalry because it was too
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expensive to muster both cavalry and infantry most of the time.</p>
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<h3>Crusades</h3>
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<p>The Crusades demonstrate that although most field battles in
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Europe during the Middle Ages were fought between Cavalry, the warriors
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of that age were capable of more sophisticated tactics.</p>
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<p>Here it should be noted, that because lands to the East tended to
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be more arid, the opponents fighting against the European Crusaders
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were more skilled on horseback and with the bow and arrow. Eastern-style
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fighting was much more cavalry-oriented.</p>
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<p>What tipped the scale in favour of the Crusaders in certain battles
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that they won, was the fact that the CrossBow could outrange the bow-and-arrow.</p>
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<p>So, the Crusaders would line up infantry with edged-weapons in front,
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behind them would be CrossBow Infantry, with Cavalry protecting the flanks.
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The edged-weapon infantry would protect the CrossBowMen, who would shoot
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over the top and protect the edged-weapon infantry from enemy harrassment.</p>
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<h3>Recommended</h3>
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<p>This blog post is inspired by
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<a href="https://wittenbergtowestphaliapodcast.weebly.com/" target="_blank">Wittenberg To Westphalia Podcast</a>, specifically
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<a href="https://wittenbergtowestphaliapodcast.weebly.com/blog/episode-38-warfare-in-the-middle-ages-part-1" target="_blank">Episode 38</a>,
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<a href="https://wittenbergtowestphaliapodcast.weebly.com/blog/episode-39-what-is-war-baby-dont-hurt-me" target="_blank">Episode 39</a>, and
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<a href="https://wittenbergtowestphaliapodcast.weebly.com/blog/episode-40-the-actual-war-bits" target="_blank">Episode 40</a>.</p>
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