mirror of
https://github.com/TrentSPalmer/trentdocs_website.git
synced 2024-11-16 13:41:31 -08:00
348 lines
12 KiB
HTML
348 lines
12 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE html>
|
|
<!--[if IE 8]><html class="no-js lt-ie9" lang="en" > <![endif]-->
|
|
<!--[if gt IE 8]><!--> <html class="no-js" lang="en" > <!--<![endif]-->
|
|
<head>
|
|
<meta charset="utf-8">
|
|
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
|
|
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../img/favicon.ico">
|
|
<title>Nspawn - Trent Docs</title>
|
|
<link href='https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Lato:400,700|Roboto+Slab:400,700|Inconsolata:400,700' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'>
|
|
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/theme.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/theme_extra.css" type="text/css" />
|
|
<link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/highlight.css">
|
|
|
|
<script>
|
|
// Current page data
|
|
var mkdocs_page_name = "Nspawn";
|
|
var mkdocs_page_input_path = "nspawn.md";
|
|
var mkdocs_page_url = "/nspawn/";
|
|
</script>
|
|
|
|
<script src="../js/jquery-2.1.1.min.js"></script>
|
|
<script src="../js/modernizr-2.8.3.min.js"></script>
|
|
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/highlight.pack.js"></script>
|
|
|
|
</head>
|
|
|
|
<body class="wy-body-for-nav" role="document">
|
|
|
|
<div class="wy-grid-for-nav">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<nav data-toggle="wy-nav-shift" class="wy-nav-side stickynav">
|
|
<div class="wy-side-nav-search">
|
|
<a href=".." class="icon icon-home"> Trent Docs</a>
|
|
<div role="search">
|
|
<form id ="rtd-search-form" class="wy-form" action="../search.html" method="get">
|
|
<input type="text" name="q" placeholder="Search docs" />
|
|
</form>
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="wy-menu wy-menu-vertical" data-spy="affix" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation">
|
|
<ul class="current">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1">
|
|
|
|
<a class="" href="..">Home</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1">
|
|
|
|
<a class="" href="../lxd_container_home_server_networking_for_dummies/">LXD Container Home Server Networking For Dummies</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1">
|
|
|
|
<a class="" href="../serve_and_share_apps_from_your_phone_with_fdroid/">Serve And Share Apps From Your Phone With Fdroid</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1 current">
|
|
|
|
<a class="current" href="./">Nspawn</a>
|
|
<ul class="subnav">
|
|
|
|
<li class="toctree-l2"><a href="#nspawn-containers">Nspawn Containers</a></li>
|
|
|
|
<ul>
|
|
|
|
<li><a class="toctree-l3" href="#create-a-filesystem">Create a FileSystem</a></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><a class="toctree-l3" href="#first-boot-and-create-root-password">First boot and create root password</a></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><a class="toctree-l3" href="#networking">Networking</a></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><a class="toctree-l3" href="#automatically-starting-the-container">Automatically Starting the Container</a></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><a class="toctree-l3" href="#initial-configuration-inside-the-container">Initial Configuration Inside The Container</a></li>
|
|
|
|
<li><a class="toctree-l3" href="#final-observations">Final Observations</a></li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1">
|
|
|
|
<a class="" href="../mastodon_on_arch/">Mastodon on Arch</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1">
|
|
|
|
<a class="" href="../debian_nspawn_container_on_arch_for_testing_apache_configurations/">Debian Nspawn Container On Arch For Testing Apache Configurations</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1">
|
|
|
|
<a class="" href="../dynamic_cacheing_nginx_reverse_proxy_for_pacman/">Dynamic Cacheing Nginx Reverse Proxy For Pacman</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1">
|
|
|
|
<a class="" href="../freebsd_jails_on_freenas/">FreeBSD Jails on FreeNAS</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1">
|
|
|
|
<a class="" href="../arch_redis_nspawn/">Quick Dirty Redis Nspawn Container on Arch Linux</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1">
|
|
|
|
<a class="" href="../arch_postgresql_nspawn/">Quick Dirty Postgresql Nspawn Container on Arch Linux</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
<li class="toctree-l1">
|
|
|
|
<a class="" href="../self_signed_certs/">Self Signed Certs</a>
|
|
</li>
|
|
|
|
</ul>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
<section data-toggle="wy-nav-shift" class="wy-nav-content-wrap">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<nav class="wy-nav-top" role="navigation" aria-label="top navigation">
|
|
<i data-toggle="wy-nav-top" class="fa fa-bars"></i>
|
|
<a href="..">Trent Docs</a>
|
|
</nav>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<div class="wy-nav-content">
|
|
<div class="rst-content">
|
|
<div role="navigation" aria-label="breadcrumbs navigation">
|
|
<ul class="wy-breadcrumbs">
|
|
<li><a href="..">Docs</a> »</li>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<li>Nspawn</li>
|
|
<li class="wy-breadcrumbs-aside">
|
|
|
|
</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<hr/>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<div role="main">
|
|
<div class="section">
|
|
|
|
<h1 id="nspawn-containers">Nspawn Containers</h1>
|
|
<p><a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd-nspawn">This Link For Arch Linux Wiki for Nspawn Containers</a></p>
|
|
<p>I like the idea of starting with the easy containers first.</p>
|
|
<h3 id="create-a-filesystem">Create a FileSystem</h3>
|
|
<pre><code class="bash">cd /var/lib/machines
|
|
# create a directory
|
|
mkdir <container>
|
|
# use pacstrap to create a file system
|
|
pacstrap -i -c -d <container> base --ignore linux
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>At this point you might want to copy over some configs to save time later.</p>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>/etc/locale.conf</li>
|
|
<li>/root/.bashrc</li>
|
|
<li>/etc/locale.gen</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<h3 id="first-boot-and-create-root-password">First boot and create root password</h3>
|
|
<pre><code class="bash">systemd-nspawn -b -D <container>
|
|
passwd
|
|
# assuming you copied over /etc/locale.gen
|
|
locale-gen
|
|
# set timezone
|
|
timedatectl set-timezone <timezone>
|
|
# enable network time
|
|
timedatectl set-ntp 1
|
|
# enable networking
|
|
systemctl enable systemd-networkd
|
|
systemctl enable systemd-resolved
|
|
poweroff
|
|
# if you want to nat the container add *-n* flag
|
|
systemd-nspawn -b -D <container> -n
|
|
# and to bind mount the package cache
|
|
systemd-nspawn -b -D <container> -n --bind=/var/cache/pacman/pkg
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="networking">Networking</h3>
|
|
<p>Here's a link that skips ahead to <a href="#automatically-starting-the-container">Automatically Starting the Container</a></p>
|
|
<p>On Arch, assuming you have systemd-networkd and systemd-resolved
|
|
set up correctly, networking from the host end of things should
|
|
just work.<br />
|
|
However on Linode it does not. What does work on Linode is to create
|
|
a bridge interface. Two files for br0 will get the job done.</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="text"># /etc/systemd/network/50-br0.netdev
|
|
[NetDev]
|
|
Name=br0
|
|
Kind=bridge
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
|
<pre><code class="text"># /etc/systemd/network/50-br0.netdev
|
|
[Match]
|
|
Name=br0
|
|
|
|
[Network]
|
|
Address=10.0.55.1/24 # arbitrarily pick a subnet range to taste
|
|
DHCPServer=yes
|
|
IPMasquerade=yes
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>Notice how the configuration file tells systemd-networkd to offer
|
|
DHCP service and to perform masquerade. You can modify the <code>systemd-nspawn</code>
|
|
command to use the bridge interface. Every container attached to this bridge
|
|
will be on the same subnet and able to talk to each other.</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="bash"># first restart systemd-networkd to bring up the new bridge interface
|
|
systemctl restart systemd-networkd
|
|
# and add --network-bridge=br0 to systemd-nspawn command
|
|
systemd-nspawn -b -D <container> --network-bridge=br0 --bind=/var/cache/pacman/pkg
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
|
<h3 id="automatically-starting-the-container">Automatically Starting the Container</h3>
|
|
<p>Here's a link back up to <a href="#networking">Networking</a>
|
|
in case you previously skipped ahead.</p>
|
|
<p>There are two ways to automate starting the container. You can override
|
|
<code>systemd-nspawn@.service</code> or create an <em>nspawn</em> file. </p>
|
|
<p>First enable machines.target</p>
|
|
<pre><code class="bash"># to override the systemd-nspawn@.service file
|
|
cp /lib/systemd/system/systemd-nspawn@.service /etc/systemd/system/systemd-nspawn@<container>.service
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>Edit <code>/etc/systemd/system/systemd-nspawn@<container>.service</code> to add the <code>systemd-nspawn</code> options
|
|
you want to the <code>ExecStart</code> command.</p>
|
|
<p>Or create <code>/etc/systemd/nspawn/<container>.nspawn</code></p>
|
|
<pre><code class="text"># /etc/systemd/nspawn/<container>.nspawn
|
|
[Files]
|
|
Bind=/var/cache/pacman/pkg
|
|
|
|
[Network]
|
|
Bridge=br0
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
|
<pre><code class="text"># /etc/systemd/nspawn/<container>.nspawn
|
|
[Files]
|
|
Bind=/var/cache/pacman/pkg
|
|
|
|
[Network]
|
|
VirtualEthernet=1 # this seems to be the default sometimes, though
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
|
<pre><code class="bash"># in either case
|
|
systemctl start/enable systemd-nspawn@<container>
|
|
# to get a shell
|
|
machinectl shell <container>
|
|
# and then to get an environment
|
|
bash
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
|
<p>This would be a good time to check for network and name resolution,
|
|
symlink resolv.conf if need be.</p>
|
|
<h3 id="initial-configuration-inside-the-container">Initial Configuration Inside The Container</h3>
|
|
<pre><code class="bash"># set time zone if you don't want UTC
|
|
timedatectl set-timezone <timezone>
|
|
# enable ntp, networktime
|
|
timedatectl set-ntp 1
|
|
# enable networking from inside the container
|
|
systemctl enable systemd-networkd
|
|
systemctl start systemd-networkd
|
|
systemctl enable systemd-resolved
|
|
systemctl start systemd-resolved
|
|
rm /etc/resolv.conf
|
|
ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/
|
|
# ping google
|
|
ping -c 3 google.com
|
|
</code></pre>
|
|
|
|
<p><a href="https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/locale">If you want to change the locale</a></p>
|
|
<h2 id="final-observations">Final Observations</h2>
|
|
<ul>
|
|
<li>You can start/stop nspawn containers with <code>machinectl</code> command. </li>
|
|
<li>You can start nspawn containers with <code>systemd-nspawn</code> command.</li>
|
|
<li>You can configure the systemd service for a container with @nspawn.service file override</li>
|
|
<li>Or you can configure an nspawn container with a dot.nspawn file</li>
|
|
</ul>
|
|
<p>But in regards to the above list
|
|
I have noticed differences in behaviour,
|
|
in some scenarios, concerning file attributes
|
|
for bind mounts.</p>
|
|
<p>Another curiosity: when you have nspawn containers natted on VirtualEthernet connections,
|
|
they might be able to ping each other at 10.x.y.z, but not resolve each other. But they might
|
|
be able to resolve each other if they are all connected to the same bridge interface or nspawn
|
|
network zone, but will randomly resolve each other in any of the 10.x.y.z, 169.x.y.z,
|
|
or fe80::....:....:....%host (ipv6 local) spaces, which would complicate configuring the containers
|
|
to talk to each other. But I intend to look into this some more.</p>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<footer>
|
|
|
|
<div class="rst-footer-buttons" role="navigation" aria-label="footer navigation">
|
|
|
|
<a href="../mastodon_on_arch/" class="btn btn-neutral float-right" title="Mastodon on Arch">Next <span class="icon icon-circle-arrow-right"></span></a>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<a href="../serve_and_share_apps_from_your_phone_with_fdroid/" class="btn btn-neutral" title="Serve And Share Apps From Your Phone With Fdroid"><span class="icon icon-circle-arrow-left"></span> Previous</a>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<hr/>
|
|
|
|
<div role="contentinfo">
|
|
<!-- Copyright etc -->
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
Built with <a href="http://www.mkdocs.org">MkDocs</a> using a <a href="https://github.com/snide/sphinx_rtd_theme">theme</a> provided by <a href="https://readthedocs.org">Read the Docs</a>.
|
|
</footer>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
</section>
|
|
|
|
</div>
|
|
|
|
<div class="rst-versions" role="note" style="cursor: pointer">
|
|
<span class="rst-current-version" data-toggle="rst-current-version">
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span><a href="../serve_and_share_apps_from_your_phone_with_fdroid/" style="color: #fcfcfc;">« Previous</a></span>
|
|
|
|
|
|
<span style="margin-left: 15px"><a href="../mastodon_on_arch/" style="color: #fcfcfc">Next »</a></span>
|
|
|
|
</span>
|
|
</div>
|
|
<script src="../js/theme.js"></script>
|
|
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html>
|