{"config":{"indexing":"full","lang":["en"],"min_search_length":3,"prebuild_index":false,"separator":"[\\s\\-]+"},"docs":[{"location":"","text":"","title":"Home"},{"location":"links/","text":"Trent's Blog Links Home RSS Source For This Blog AudioBooks Attention Span History GitHub Twitter Facebook Trent Docs Hugo Themes Report libre_gps_parser Concise PDX Free Code Camp Challenges Device Layout Oregon Hikers' Field Guide","title":"Links"},{"location":"links/#trents-blog","text":"","title":"Trent's Blog"},{"location":"links/#links","text":"Home RSS Source For This Blog AudioBooks Attention Span History GitHub Twitter Facebook Trent Docs Hugo Themes Report libre_gps_parser Concise PDX Free Code Camp Challenges Device Layout Oregon Hikers' Field Guide","title":"Links"},{"location":"rss/","text":"Trent's Blog RSS Created Updated Links Home Links","title":"RSS"},{"location":"rss/#trents-blog","text":"","title":"Trent's Blog"},{"location":"rss/#rss","text":"Created Updated","title":"RSS"},{"location":"rss/#links","text":"Home Links","title":"Links"},{"location":"posts/apache-virtual-hosts/","text":"date: 2020-12-20 Use Virtual Hosts This is a very useful way to keep your server organized. Virtual Hosts On Your Lan You can practice on your Lan. Setting up DNS on your Lan For instance, if your router is running dnsmasq , this may be as simple as describing the virtual hosts in /etc/hosts on the router. 192.168.1.101 blog.devbox blogstatic.devbox Here's An Example Reverse Proxy for A Flask Blog On Your Lan # /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/blog.devbox.conf <VirtualHost *:80 > ServerName blog.devbox # dont' block LetsEncrypt # ProxyPass \"/.well-known\" ! ... not needed on your Lan # don't block /var/www/html/favicon.ico ProxyPass \"/favicon.ico\" ! ProxyPass \"/\" \"http://127.0.0.1:8000/\" ProxyPassReverse \"/\" \"http://127.0.0.1:8000/\" ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost> Here's An Example for A Static Blog On Your Lan # /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/blogstatic.devbox.conf <VirtualHost *:80 > ServerName blogstatic.devbox DocumentRoot /var/www/html/blogstatic/site ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost> Wan Deployment Set up DNS Log into your dns provider and create records A record for blog.example.com pointing to your ipv4 address AAAA record for blog.example.com pointing to your ipv6 address A record for blogstatic.example.com pointing to your ipv4 address AAAA record for blogstatic.example.com pointing to your ipv6 address Start With Virtual Hosts for HTTP You don't need to create virtual hosts for SSL configuration, because CertBot will automatically do that for you. Reverse Proxy # /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/blog.example.com.conf <VirtualHost *:80 > ServerName blog.example.com # dont' block LetsEncrypt ProxyPass \"/.well-known\" ! # don't block /var/www/html/favicon.ico ProxyPass \"/favicon.ico\" ! ProxyPass \"/\" \"http://127.0.0.1:8000/\" ProxyPassReverse \"/\" \"http://127.0.0.1:8000/\" ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost> Static Site # /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/blogstatic.example.com.conf <VirtualHost *:80 > ServerName blogstatic.example.com DocumentRoot /var/www/html/blogstatic/site ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost> Get LetsEncrypt Certs certbot --apache -d blog.example.com -d blogstatic.example.com Certbot will create and enable new conf files with SSL encryption configured, and will modify your http conf files with redirections to https.","title":"Apache Virtual Hosts"},{"location":"posts/apache-virtual-hosts/#use-virtual-hosts","text":"This is a very useful way to keep your server organized.","title":"Use Virtual Hosts"},{"location":"posts/apache-virtual-hosts/#virtual-hosts-on-your-lan","text":"You can practice on your Lan.","title":"Virtual Hosts On Your Lan"},{"location":"posts/apache-virtual-hosts/#setting-up-dns-on-your-lan","text":"For instance, if your router is running dnsmasq , this may be as simple as describing the virtual hosts in /etc/hosts on the router. 192.168.1.101 blog.devbox blogstatic.devbox","title":"Setting up DNS on your Lan"},{"location":"posts/apache-virtual-hosts/#heres-an-example-reverse-proxy-for-a-flask-blog-on-your-lan","text":"# /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/blog.devbox.conf <VirtualHost *:80 > ServerName blog.devbox # dont' block LetsEncrypt # ProxyPass \"/.well-known\" ! ... not needed on your Lan # don't block /var/www/html/favicon.ico ProxyPass \"/favicon.ico\" ! ProxyPass \"/\" \"http://127.0.0.1:8000/\" ProxyPassReverse \"/\" \"http://127.0.0.1:8000/\" ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost>","title":"Here's An Example Reverse Proxy for A Flask Blog On Your Lan"},{"location":"posts/apache-virtual-hosts/#heres-an-example-for-a-static-blog-on-your-lan","text":"# /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/blogstatic.devbox.conf <VirtualHost *:80 > ServerName blogstatic.devbox DocumentRoot /var/www/html/blogstatic/site ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost>","title":"Here's An Example for A Static Blog On Your Lan"},{"location":"posts/apache-virtual-hosts/#wan-deployment","text":"","title":"Wan Deployment"},{"location":"posts/apache-virtual-hosts/#set-up-dns","text":"Log into your dns provider and create records A record for blog.example.com pointing to your ipv4 address AAAA record for blog.example.com pointing to your ipv6 address A record for blogstatic.example.com pointing to your ipv4 address AAAA record for blogstatic.example.com pointing to your ipv6 address","title":"Set up DNS"},{"location":"posts/apache-virtual-hosts/#start-with-virtual-hosts-for-http","text":"You don't need to create virtual hosts for SSL configuration, because CertBot will automatically do that for you.","title":"Start With Virtual Hosts for HTTP"},{"location":"posts/apache-virtual-hosts/#reverse-proxy","text":"# /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/blog.example.com.conf <VirtualHost *:80 > ServerName blog.example.com # dont' block LetsEncrypt ProxyPass \"/.well-known\" ! # don't block /var/www/html/favicon.ico ProxyPass \"/favicon.ico\" ! ProxyPass \"/\" \"http://127.0.0.1:8000/\" ProxyPassReverse \"/\" \"http://127.0.0.1:8000/\" ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost>","title":"Reverse Proxy"},{"location":"posts/apache-virtual-hosts/#static-site","text":"# /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/blogstatic.example.com.conf <VirtualHost *:80 > ServerName blogstatic.example.com DocumentRoot /var/www/html/blogstatic/site ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost>","title":"Static Site"},{"location":"posts/apache-virtual-hosts/#get-letsencrypt-certs","text":"certbot --apache -d blog.example.com -d blogstatic.example.com Certbot will create and enable new conf files with SSL encryption configured, and will modify your http conf files with redirections to https.","title":"Get LetsEncrypt Certs"},{"location":"posts/clear-linux-encrypted-xfs-root/","text":"date: 2019-04-13T21:44:37-07:00 Nothing to-it Burger I had intended to create a technical explanation how to install Clear Linux with disk encryption, with xfs. But that turned out to be unnecessary because the latest version of the installer handles setting that up automatically. Previously, I had written down the steps needed to get LMDE 3 installed using disk encryption with xfs , which required manual intervention. And indeed, a few months ago, the Clear Linux installer only supported xfs with disk encryption if you could supply some manual intervention. However, the latest Clear Linux installer can set up disk encryption with luks and xfs, automatically. Just follow the instructions , no special skills needed.","title":"Clear Linux Encrypted XFS Root"},{"location":"posts/clear-linux-encrypted-xfs-root/#nothing-to-it-burger","text":"I had intended to create a technical explanation how to install Clear Linux with disk encryption, with xfs. But that turned out to be unnecessary because the latest version of the installer handles setting that up automatically. Previously, I had written down the steps needed to get LMDE 3 installed using disk encryption with xfs , which required manual intervention. And indeed, a few months ago, the Clear Linux installer only supported xfs with disk encryption if you could supply some manual intervention. However, the latest Clear Linux installer can set up disk encryption with luks and xfs, automatically. Just follow the instructions , no special skills needed.","title":"Nothing to-it Burger"},{"location":"posts/clear-linux-guest-virt-manager/","text":"date: 2019-03-11T01:39:09-07:00 Introduction download, convert, and resize the provided kvm-legacy image create a virtual machine and launch it from virt-manager But it\u2019s not immediately clear from the instructions if you can use virt-manager , because they recommend their script which runs qemu-system-x86_64 directly. Which is fine, but maybe you find it easier to customize the options using the virt-manager gui interface. How To Assuming you have libvirt and kvm set up with virt-manager , you can: download the clear-*-legacy-kvm.img.xz verify the checksum extract it unxz clear-*-legacy-kvm.img.xz mv clear-*-legacy-kvm.img.xz /var/lib/libvirt/images/ create a virtual machine in virt-manager using the image There is not an os template for Clear Linux, but Fedora29 works fine for me. As a bonus, virsh console is configured and ready to go. Convert Raw -> Qcow2 and Resize The image has a gpt partition table. I am not sure if that is the reason why, but fdisk does not seem to work for resizing the partition. However, parted works fine. The image download is an 8gb sparse raw image. You may wish to convert that to qcow2 and and resize before creating the virtual machine. Here is how to do that. convert the sparse raw image to qcow2 qemu-img convert -f raw -O qcow2 clear*.img clear.qcow2 resize the image to taste qemu-img resize clear.qcow2 20G create the virtual machine in virt-manager gui boot the virtual machine: virsh start clearvm log in: virsh console clearvm install a bundle which contains parted swupd bundle-add clr-installer expand / partition and file system with parted and resize2fs parted /dev/vda resizepart > Fix/Ignore? Fix > Partition number? 1 > End? [8590MB]? 100% > size2fs /dev/vda1","title":"Clear Linux Guest Virt Manager"},{"location":"posts/clear-linux-guest-virt-manager/#introduction","text":"download, convert, and resize the provided kvm-legacy image create a virtual machine and launch it from virt-manager But it\u2019s not immediately clear from the instructions if you can use virt-manager , because they recommend their script which runs qemu-system-x86_64 directly. Which is fine, but maybe you find it easier to customize the options using the virt-manager gui interface.","title":"Introduction"},{"location":"posts/clear-linux-guest-virt-manager/#how-to","text":"Assuming you have libvirt and kvm set up with virt-manager , you can: download the clear-*-legacy-kvm.img.xz verify the checksum extract it unxz clear-*-legacy-kvm.img.xz mv clear-*-legacy-kvm.img.xz /var/lib/libvirt/images/ create a virtual machine in virt-manager using the image There is not an os template for Clear Linux, but Fedora29 works fine for me. As a bonus, virsh console is configured and ready to go.","title":"How To"},{"location":"posts/clear-linux-guest-virt-manager/#convert-raw-qcow2-and-resize","text":"The image has a gpt partition table. I am not sure if that is the reason why, but fdisk does not seem to work for resizing the partition. However, parted works fine. The image download is an 8gb sparse raw image. You may wish to convert that to qcow2 and and resize before creating the virtual machine. Here is how to do that. convert the sparse raw image to qcow2 qemu-img convert -f raw -O qcow2 clear*.img clear.qcow2 resize the image to taste qemu-img resize clear.qcow2 20G create the virtual machine in virt-manager gui boot the virtual machine: virsh start clearvm log in: virsh console clearvm install a bundle which contains parted swupd bundle-add clr-installer expand / partition and file system with parted and resize2fs parted /dev/vda resizepart > Fix/Ignore? Fix > Partition number? 1 > End? [8590MB]? 100% > size2fs /dev/vda1","title":"Convert Raw -&gt; Qcow2 and Resize"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/","text":"date: 2021-09-24 Introduction Performance Your Debian Server is way more powerful than your laptop or desktop and flutter integration_tests suck. Ergonomics You have an Android Emulator (or a real device) connected to the machine that you are sitting in front of for reference, and now you can run integration_tests on a different device without having to juggle adb connections on the same machine. Nspawn Tho? Because containers unlike virtual machines access the full power of the host, but nspawn containers are peristent like virtual machines, sparing you the cognitive overhead of dealing with the ephemerality of docker containers and/or of herding cats. And you already have nspawn, it's build into systemd. Even including the (virtual) network interfaces. Documentation Let's face it: setting up an Android Development Environment is a nightmare. So don't just follow this guide; follow this guide a repetition of three times, building your own step-by-step guide for yourself as you go. Your brain will thank you. Host Preparation (Debian 11) install systemd-container and debootstrap enable unprivileged user namespaces echo 'kernel.unprivileged_userns_clone=1' >/etc/sysctl.d/nspawn.conf systemctl restart systemd-sysctl.service you might as well allow debootstrap to user your apt-cacher-ng proxy export http_proxy=http://<ip address>:3142 br0 bridge describe br0 bridge in /etc/systemd/nspawn/ftest.nspawn (optional). # /etc/systemd/nspawn/ftest.nspawn [Network] VirtualEthernet = yes Bridge = br0 ZFS mountpoint This is optional, obviously; you might not even use zfs. zfs create vm_pool/nspawn/ftest zfs set mountpoint=/var/lib/machines/ftest vm_pool/nspawn/ftest sanity check zfs list -r vm_pool/nspawn bootstrap container # for apt-cacher-ng proxy export http_proxy = http://<ip address>:3142 debootstrap --include = systemd-container stable /var/list/machines/ftest preboot config delete container's package cache copy /etc/apt/apt.conf to container copy /root/.bashrc to container copy /root/.inputrc to container edit /etc/hostname in container write nspawn file on host copy /etc/locale.gen to /etc/locale.gen.bak on container first interactive boot systemd-nspawn -D /var/lib/machines/ftest -U --machine ftest set passwd: passwd stop container: logout run as service systemctl start systemd-nspawn@ftest login: machinectl login ftest start/enable network systemctl enable --now systemd-networkd add regular user useradd <username> install applications locale install locales edit /etc/locale.gen to taste and then run the command locale-gen essential apps apt-get install openssh-server git unzip wget sudo curl file rsync add regular user to sudo group usermod -a -G sudo <user> other apps apt-get install mosh htop haveged byobu needrestart tree bash-completion install openjdk-8 from stretch repo add following to /etc/apt/sources.list deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates main apt-get update && apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk-headless user environment You can now ssh into your container. scp your favorite environment files over to the container ~/.byobu/ ~/.bashrc ~/.bash_aliases ~/.inputrc install flutter Pick a location to taste; I prefer ~/.local/ cd ; cd .local git clone https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git downgrade flutter if needed: cd ~/.local/flutter git checkout 2 .2.3 install command-line-tools The schuck and jive here is absurd, but here goes. Now is the time to decide where ANDROID_HOME and ANDROID_SDK_ROOT are going to be; I prefer ~/.local/share/Android/Sdk/ mkdir -p ~/.local/share/Android/Sdk temporary installation of cmdline-tools Command line tools only Scroll half way down cd ~/.local/share/Android/Sdk wget https://dl.google.com/android/repository/commandlinetools-linux-7583922_latest.zip unzip commandlinetools-linux-7583922_latest.zip mkdir 5 .0 mv cmdline-tools/* 5 .0/ mv 5 .0 cmdline-tools/ flutter and sdk environment add the following to ~/.bashrc function addToPATH { case \":$PATH:\" in *\":$1:\"*) :;; # already there *) PATH = \"$PATH:$1\";; # or PATH=\"$PATH:$1\" esac } addToPATH ~/.local/flutter/bin addToPATH ~/.local/share/Android/Sdk/cmdline-tools/latest/bin addToPATH ~/.local/share/Android/Sdk/platform-tools # temporary path to temporary version of cmdline-tools addToPATH ~/.local/share/Android/Sdk/cmdline-tools/5.0/bin add the following to ~/.bash_aliases alias sdkmanager = 'sdkmanager --sdk_root=~/.local/share/Android/Sdk' Confirm by logging out and then back in and: which flutter ; which sdkmanager ; alias now install cmdline-tools for real sdkmanager --install \"cmdline-tools;latest\" and then logout and log back in cleanup At this point I think you can remove or comment the temporary PATH statement from ~/.bashrc for the temporary location of cmdline-tools install Android SDK review your options sdkmanager --list and then install them (platform-tools: adb and fastboot will be pulled in automatically) sdkmanager --install \"platforms;android-30\" \\ \"build-tools;31.0.0\" \"build-tools;30.0.3\" confirm flutter installation flutter doctor run tests At this point you shoud be able to rsync a flutter app over to the container, connect to a device using network adb, and run something like: flutter drive --driver integration_test/driver.dart \\ --target integration_test/app_test.dart --profile","title":"Flutter Integration Test Server in Debian 11 Nspawn Container"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#introduction","text":"","title":"Introduction"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#performance","text":"Your Debian Server is way more powerful than your laptop or desktop and flutter integration_tests suck.","title":"Performance"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#ergonomics","text":"You have an Android Emulator (or a real device) connected to the machine that you are sitting in front of for reference, and now you can run integration_tests on a different device without having to juggle adb connections on the same machine.","title":"Ergonomics"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#nspawn-tho","text":"Because containers unlike virtual machines access the full power of the host, but nspawn containers are peristent like virtual machines, sparing you the cognitive overhead of dealing with the ephemerality of docker containers and/or of herding cats. And you already have nspawn, it's build into systemd. Even including the (virtual) network interfaces.","title":"Nspawn Tho?"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#documentation","text":"Let's face it: setting up an Android Development Environment is a nightmare. So don't just follow this guide; follow this guide a repetition of three times, building your own step-by-step guide for yourself as you go. Your brain will thank you.","title":"Documentation"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#host-preparation-debian-11","text":"install systemd-container and debootstrap enable unprivileged user namespaces echo 'kernel.unprivileged_userns_clone=1' >/etc/sysctl.d/nspawn.conf systemctl restart systemd-sysctl.service you might as well allow debootstrap to user your apt-cacher-ng proxy export http_proxy=http://<ip address>:3142","title":"Host Preparation (Debian 11)"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#br0-bridge","text":"describe br0 bridge in /etc/systemd/nspawn/ftest.nspawn (optional). # /etc/systemd/nspawn/ftest.nspawn [Network] VirtualEthernet = yes Bridge = br0","title":"br0 bridge"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#zfs-mountpoint","text":"This is optional, obviously; you might not even use zfs. zfs create vm_pool/nspawn/ftest zfs set mountpoint=/var/lib/machines/ftest vm_pool/nspawn/ftest sanity check zfs list -r vm_pool/nspawn","title":"ZFS mountpoint"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#bootstrap-container","text":"# for apt-cacher-ng proxy export http_proxy = http://<ip address>:3142 debootstrap --include = systemd-container stable /var/list/machines/ftest","title":"bootstrap container"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#preboot-config","text":"delete container's package cache copy /etc/apt/apt.conf to container copy /root/.bashrc to container copy /root/.inputrc to container edit /etc/hostname in container write nspawn file on host copy /etc/locale.gen to /etc/locale.gen.bak on container","title":"preboot config"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#first-interactive-boot","text":"systemd-nspawn -D /var/lib/machines/ftest -U --machine ftest set passwd: passwd stop container: logout","title":"first interactive boot"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#run-as-service","text":"systemctl start systemd-nspawn@ftest login: machinectl login ftest start/enable network systemctl enable --now systemd-networkd add regular user useradd <username>","title":"run as service"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#install-applications","text":"","title":"install applications"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#locale","text":"install locales edit /etc/locale.gen to taste and then run the command locale-gen","title":"locale"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#essential-apps","text":"apt-get install openssh-server git unzip wget sudo curl file rsync","title":"essential apps"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#add-regular-user-to-sudo-group","text":"usermod -a -G sudo <user>","title":"add regular user to sudo group"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#other-apps","text":"apt-get install mosh htop haveged byobu needrestart tree bash-completion","title":"other apps"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#install-openjdk-8-from-stretch-repo","text":"add following to /etc/apt/sources.list deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates main apt-get update && apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk-headless","title":"install openjdk-8 from stretch repo"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#user-environment","text":"You can now ssh into your container. scp your favorite environment files over to the container ~/.byobu/ ~/.bashrc ~/.bash_aliases ~/.inputrc","title":"user environment"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#install-flutter","text":"Pick a location to taste; I prefer ~/.local/ cd ; cd .local git clone https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git","title":"install flutter"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#downgrade-flutter","text":"if needed: cd ~/.local/flutter git checkout 2 .2.3","title":"downgrade flutter"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#install-command-line-tools","text":"The schuck and jive here is absurd, but here goes. Now is the time to decide where ANDROID_HOME and ANDROID_SDK_ROOT are going to be; I prefer ~/.local/share/Android/Sdk/ mkdir -p ~/.local/share/Android/Sdk","title":"install command-line-tools"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#temporary-installation-of-cmdline-tools","text":"Command line tools only Scroll half way down cd ~/.local/share/Android/Sdk wget https://dl.google.com/android/repository/commandlinetools-linux-7583922_latest.zip unzip commandlinetools-linux-7583922_latest.zip mkdir 5 .0 mv cmdline-tools/* 5 .0/ mv 5 .0 cmdline-tools/","title":"temporary installation of cmdline-tools"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#flutter-and-sdk-environment","text":"add the following to ~/.bashrc function addToPATH { case \":$PATH:\" in *\":$1:\"*) :;; # already there *) PATH = \"$PATH:$1\";; # or PATH=\"$PATH:$1\" esac } addToPATH ~/.local/flutter/bin addToPATH ~/.local/share/Android/Sdk/cmdline-tools/latest/bin addToPATH ~/.local/share/Android/Sdk/platform-tools # temporary path to temporary version of cmdline-tools addToPATH ~/.local/share/Android/Sdk/cmdline-tools/5.0/bin add the following to ~/.bash_aliases alias sdkmanager = 'sdkmanager --sdk_root=~/.local/share/Android/Sdk' Confirm by logging out and then back in and: which flutter ; which sdkmanager ; alias","title":"flutter and sdk environment"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#now-install-cmdline-tools-for-real","text":"sdkmanager --install \"cmdline-tools;latest\" and then logout and log back in","title":"now install cmdline-tools for real"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#cleanup","text":"At this point I think you can remove or comment the temporary PATH statement from ~/.bashrc for the temporary location of cmdline-tools","title":"cleanup"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#install-android-sdk","text":"review your options sdkmanager --list and then install them (platform-tools: adb and fastboot will be pulled in automatically) sdkmanager --install \"platforms;android-30\" \\ \"build-tools;31.0.0\" \"build-tools;30.0.3\"","title":"install Android SDK"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#confirm-flutter-installation","text":"flutter doctor","title":"confirm flutter installation"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server/#run-tests","text":"At this point you shoud be able to rsync a flutter app over to the container, connect to a device using network adb, and run something like: flutter drive --driver integration_test/driver.dart \\ --target integration_test/app_test.dart --profile","title":"run tests"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-ttrss/","text":"date: 2021-09-11 Introduction Install tt-rss on Debian 11 the Debian way. Why? Debian packages tt-rss , so unlike instructions you may find elsewhere, you can depend on the Debian Maintainers to look out for security concerns. And it's easier to install this way. And if I may say, tt-rss runs really well. It's been around for many years now, and the smartphones and vps hosts continue getting more powerful. Apache Install apache2 web server: apt install apache2 Lan If you are installing in a virtual machine on your lan, then this is all you need to do; i.e. later after you have finished installing tt-rss, you will find the following in /etc/tt-rss/apache.conf : Alias /tt-rss /usr/share/tt-rss/www Wan If you deploy on a vps, for instance Linode has Debian 11 images, you definitely want to setup Let's Encrypt Certs. Create a virtual host # /etc/apache2/sites-available/005-rss.example.com.conf <VirtualHost *:80 > ServerName rss.example.com ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www/html ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost> Activate the new virtual host: a2ensite 005-rss.example.com.conf systemctl reload apache2 Certbot install certbot: apt install python3-certbot-apache get certificate certbot --apache -d rss.example.com Verify Certbot Request Your virtual host has been modified. # /etc/apache2/sites-available/005-rss.example.com.conf <VirtualHost *:80 > ServerName rss.example.com ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www/html ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{SERVER_NAME} =rss.example.com RewriteRule ^ https://%{SERVER_NAME}%{REQUEST_URI} [END,NE,R=permanent] </VirtualHost> Furthermore, a new virtual host has been created and enabled. # /etc/apache2/sites-available/005-rss.example.com-le-ssl.conf <IfModule mod_ssl.c > <VirtualHost *:443 > ServerName rss.example.com ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www/html ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/rss.example.com/fullchain.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/rss.example.com/privkey.pem Include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-apache.conf </VirtualHost> </IfModule> And you should now have a systemd timer to automatically renew your certs: /etc/systemd/system/timers.target.wants/certbot.timer -> /lib/systemd/system/certbot.timer CatchAll VirtualHost You can prevent apache from responding to incorrect subdomains by adding a CatchAll virtual host and enabling it. # /etc/apache2/sites-available/999-catchall.conf <VirtualHost *:80 > ServerName null ServerAlias * Redirect 404 / </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:443 > ServerName null ServerAlias * Redirect 404 / </VirtualHost> MariaDB Install mariadb: apt install mariadb-server Setup mariadb: mysql_secure_installation As far as running mysql_secure_installation , I would imagine that you want to remove anonymous users, disallow root login remotely, remove the test database, and reload the privilege table. TT-RSS After installing apache2 and mariadb, install tt-rss: apt install tt-rss . You will be prompted 3 times by dpkg-configure, but it will be obvious what to do. You're done! Open http://examplelanhost/tt-rss or https://rss.example.com/tt-rss , login with the default admin:password and have fun playing with your server. I particularly appreciate the 2fa and opml import. In order to use the Android application check enable API in preferences . All the best blogs still have rss feeds. If you can't find the rss feed for a blog, type Ctrl + U to show page source and look for rss feed url in the head section. Alternately on a mobile phone you can prepend the url with view-source: .","title":"Debian 11 TT-RSS"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-ttrss/#introduction","text":"Install tt-rss on Debian 11 the Debian way.","title":"Introduction"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-ttrss/#why","text":"Debian packages tt-rss , so unlike instructions you may find elsewhere, you can depend on the Debian Maintainers to look out for security concerns. And it's easier to install this way. And if I may say, tt-rss runs really well. It's been around for many years now, and the smartphones and vps hosts continue getting more powerful.","title":"Why?"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-ttrss/#apache","text":"Install apache2 web server: apt install apache2","title":"Apache"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-ttrss/#lan","text":"If you are installing in a virtual machine on your lan, then this is all you need to do; i.e. later after you have finished installing tt-rss, you will find the following in /etc/tt-rss/apache.conf : Alias /tt-rss /usr/share/tt-rss/www","title":"Lan"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-ttrss/#wan","text":"If you deploy on a vps, for instance Linode has Debian 11 images, you definitely want to setup Let's Encrypt Certs.","title":"Wan"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-ttrss/#create-a-virtual-host","text":"# /etc/apache2/sites-available/005-rss.example.com.conf <VirtualHost *:80 > ServerName rss.example.com ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www/html ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost> Activate the new virtual host: a2ensite 005-rss.example.com.conf systemctl reload apache2","title":"Create a virtual host"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-ttrss/#certbot","text":"install certbot: apt install python3-certbot-apache get certificate certbot --apache -d rss.example.com","title":"Certbot"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-ttrss/#verify-certbot-request","text":"Your virtual host has been modified. # /etc/apache2/sites-available/005-rss.example.com.conf <VirtualHost *:80 > ServerName rss.example.com ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www/html ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{SERVER_NAME} =rss.example.com RewriteRule ^ https://%{SERVER_NAME}%{REQUEST_URI} [END,NE,R=permanent] </VirtualHost> Furthermore, a new virtual host has been created and enabled. # /etc/apache2/sites-available/005-rss.example.com-le-ssl.conf <IfModule mod_ssl.c > <VirtualHost *:443 > ServerName rss.example.com ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www/html ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined SSLCertificateFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/rss.example.com/fullchain.pem SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/letsencrypt/live/rss.example.com/privkey.pem Include /etc/letsencrypt/options-ssl-apache.conf </VirtualHost> </IfModule> And you should now have a systemd timer to automatically renew your certs: /etc/systemd/system/timers.target.wants/certbot.timer -> /lib/systemd/system/certbot.timer","title":"Verify Certbot Request"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-ttrss/#catchall-virtualhost","text":"You can prevent apache from responding to incorrect subdomains by adding a CatchAll virtual host and enabling it. # /etc/apache2/sites-available/999-catchall.conf <VirtualHost *:80 > ServerName null ServerAlias * Redirect 404 / </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:443 > ServerName null ServerAlias * Redirect 404 / </VirtualHost>","title":"CatchAll VirtualHost"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-ttrss/#mariadb","text":"Install mariadb: apt install mariadb-server Setup mariadb: mysql_secure_installation As far as running mysql_secure_installation , I would imagine that you want to remove anonymous users, disallow root login remotely, remove the test database, and reload the privilege table.","title":"MariaDB"},{"location":"posts/debian-11-ttrss/#tt-rss","text":"After installing apache2 and mariadb, install tt-rss: apt install tt-rss . You will be prompted 3 times by dpkg-configure, but it will be obvious what to do. You're done! Open http://examplelanhost/tt-rss or https://rss.example.com/tt-rss , login with the default admin:password and have fun playing with your server. I particularly appreciate the 2fa and opml import. In order to use the Android application check enable API in preferences . All the best blogs still have rss feeds. If you can't find the rss feed for a blog, type Ctrl + U to show page source and look for rss feed url in the head section. Alternately on a mobile phone you can prepend the url with view-source: .","title":"TT-RSS"},{"location":"posts/faster-partitioning-with-sgdisk/","text":"date: 2019-02-11T04:23:52-08:00 Disclaimer If any of this is wrong, let me know so I can fix it. No actual hard drives were harmed in the production of this blog post. The examples are easier to read if you turn your smart phone sideways. Command Line Is Faster Sure you can partition your discs using a GUI disk management application or an interactive, menu-driven terminal interface. But the command line is faster. gdisk vs sgdisk sgdisk is the scriptable version of gdisk (gptfdisk). what the manpage says If you\u2019re familiar with gdisk , you probably know how to interactively set the partition size and type. If you look at the man page for sgdisk you see that the relevant flags are -n and -t . The beginning and ending numbers are absolute, unless you prepend them with a + or - sign, in which case they become relative. # For New Partition: -n, --new=partnum:start:end # Change partition type: -t, --typecode=partnum:{hexcode|GUID} Example with Separate EFI and / Partitions BTW, gdisk is a partitioning tool intended to be used with a gpt partition table, so the assumption is that you would want an efi partition, (although the efi partition does not have to be on the disk you are partitioning or even on the same disk where your other system partitions are). Wipe any leftover filesystem metadata with wipefs. wipefs --all /dev/sdx Create a new GPT partition table. sgdisk /dev/sdx -o Create an efi partition of 512MB by specifying the end of the partition (relative) and the partition type, ef00 . sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 1::+512MiB -t 1:ef00 Create an / partition using the remainder of the disk, by not specifying the end or the beginning or partition type, which defaults to 8300. sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 2 Format the efi partition fat 32. mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sdx1 Format the / partition ext4. mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdx2 Practice With A Sparse Image If you don\u2019t want to partition a real hard drive, you can practice using an sparse image file, instead. # create a sparse image file truncate -S 100G practiceImage.img # partition the image file with sgdisk sgdisk practiceImage.img -o # etc Example with Separate /boot, EFI, and luks-encrypted / Partitions Wipe any leftover filesystem metadata with wipefs . wipefs --all /dev/sdx Create a new GPT partition table. sgdisk /dev/sdx -o Create an efi partition of 512MB by specifying the end of the partition (relative) and the partition type, ef00 . sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 1::+512MiB -t 1:ef00 Create a /boot partition of 1GB, by specifying the end of the partition (relative), but not specifying the partition type which defaults to 8300 . sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 2::+1GiB Create an / partition using the remainder of the disk, by not specifying the end or the beginning or partition type, which defaults to 8300 . sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 3 Format the efi partition fat 32. mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sdx1 Format the /boot partition ext4. mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdx2 Encrypt the / partition. cryptsetup -y -v luksFormat --type luks2 /dev/sdx3 Decrypt the / device. cryptsetup open /dev/sdx3 cryptroot Format the / device. mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/cryptroot What About Swap? I prefer to use a swap file inside the luks-encrypted / partition. But you can make a separate swap partition if you like. Example with 2GB swap partition Wipe the disc. wipefs --all /dev/sdx Create a new GPT partition table. sgdisk /dev/sdx -o Create an EFI partition. sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 1::+512MiB -t 1:ef00 Create a /boot partition. sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 2::+1GiB Create a / partition with a relative negative end. sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 3::-2GiB Create a swap partion type 8200 . sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 4 -t 4:8200 format the partitions. mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sdx1 mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdx2 mkfs.xfs /dev/sdx3 mkswap /dev/sdx4 Conclusion Good luck to you. Backup your data first. Kind Regards, Trent","title":"Faster Partitioning with Sgdisk"},{"location":"posts/faster-partitioning-with-sgdisk/#disclaimer","text":"If any of this is wrong, let me know so I can fix it. No actual hard drives were harmed in the production of this blog post. The examples are easier to read if you turn your smart phone sideways.","title":"Disclaimer"},{"location":"posts/faster-partitioning-with-sgdisk/#command-line-is-faster","text":"Sure you can partition your discs using a GUI disk management application or an interactive, menu-driven terminal interface. But the command line is faster.","title":"Command Line Is Faster"},{"location":"posts/faster-partitioning-with-sgdisk/#gdisk-vs-sgdisk","text":"sgdisk is the scriptable version of gdisk (gptfdisk).","title":"gdisk vs sgdisk"},{"location":"posts/faster-partitioning-with-sgdisk/#what-the-manpage-says","text":"If you\u2019re familiar with gdisk , you probably know how to interactively set the partition size and type. If you look at the man page for sgdisk you see that the relevant flags are -n and -t . The beginning and ending numbers are absolute, unless you prepend them with a + or - sign, in which case they become relative. # For New Partition: -n, --new=partnum:start:end # Change partition type: -t, --typecode=partnum:{hexcode|GUID}","title":"what the manpage says"},{"location":"posts/faster-partitioning-with-sgdisk/#example-with-separate-efi-and-partitions","text":"BTW, gdisk is a partitioning tool intended to be used with a gpt partition table, so the assumption is that you would want an efi partition, (although the efi partition does not have to be on the disk you are partitioning or even on the same disk where your other system partitions are). Wipe any leftover filesystem metadata with wipefs. wipefs --all /dev/sdx Create a new GPT partition table. sgdisk /dev/sdx -o Create an efi partition of 512MB by specifying the end of the partition (relative) and the partition type, ef00 . sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 1::+512MiB -t 1:ef00 Create an / partition using the remainder of the disk, by not specifying the end or the beginning or partition type, which defaults to 8300. sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 2 Format the efi partition fat 32. mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sdx1 Format the / partition ext4. mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdx2","title":"Example with Separate EFI and / Partitions"},{"location":"posts/faster-partitioning-with-sgdisk/#practice-with-a-sparse-image","text":"If you don\u2019t want to partition a real hard drive, you can practice using an sparse image file, instead. # create a sparse image file truncate -S 100G practiceImage.img # partition the image file with sgdisk sgdisk practiceImage.img -o # etc","title":"Practice With A Sparse Image"},{"location":"posts/faster-partitioning-with-sgdisk/#example-with-separate-boot-efi-and-luks-encrypted-partitions","text":"Wipe any leftover filesystem metadata with wipefs . wipefs --all /dev/sdx Create a new GPT partition table. sgdisk /dev/sdx -o Create an efi partition of 512MB by specifying the end of the partition (relative) and the partition type, ef00 . sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 1::+512MiB -t 1:ef00 Create a /boot partition of 1GB, by specifying the end of the partition (relative), but not specifying the partition type which defaults to 8300 . sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 2::+1GiB Create an / partition using the remainder of the disk, by not specifying the end or the beginning or partition type, which defaults to 8300 . sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 3 Format the efi partition fat 32. mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sdx1 Format the /boot partition ext4. mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdx2 Encrypt the / partition. cryptsetup -y -v luksFormat --type luks2 /dev/sdx3 Decrypt the / device. cryptsetup open /dev/sdx3 cryptroot Format the / device. mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/cryptroot","title":"Example with Separate /boot, EFI, and luks-encrypted / Partitions"},{"location":"posts/faster-partitioning-with-sgdisk/#what-about-swap","text":"I prefer to use a swap file inside the luks-encrypted / partition. But you can make a separate swap partition if you like.","title":"What About Swap?"},{"location":"posts/faster-partitioning-with-sgdisk/#example-with-2gb-swap-partition","text":"Wipe the disc. wipefs --all /dev/sdx Create a new GPT partition table. sgdisk /dev/sdx -o Create an EFI partition. sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 1::+512MiB -t 1:ef00 Create a /boot partition. sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 2::+1GiB Create a / partition with a relative negative end. sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 3::-2GiB Create a swap partion type 8200 . sgdisk /dev/sdx -n 4 -t 4:8200 format the partitions. mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sdx1 mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdx2 mkfs.xfs /dev/sdx3 mkswap /dev/sdx4","title":"Example with 2GB swap partition"},{"location":"posts/faster-partitioning-with-sgdisk/#conclusion","text":"Good luck to you. Backup your data first. Kind Regards, Trent","title":"Conclusion"},{"location":"posts/instructions-for-tethering-from-phone/","text":"date: 2020-12-17 Instructions Part One Turn off blutooth on computer Turn off blutooth on phone Turn off Wifi on phone Part Two Turn on wifi hotspot or usb tethering Verify! You want to verify that you are connected to your Android hotspot. Android tether is a router that will stand up a subnet of 192.168.43.0/24 for wifi hotspot, and 192.168.42.0/24 for usb tether. On linux open a terminal and type ip addr on Windows open a cmd console and type ipconfig If tethering via wifi hotspot you should see an ipv4 address of 192.168.43.XX If tethering via usb you should see an ipv4 address of 192.168.42.XX ACHTUNG Do Not! DO NOT turn on ethernet tethering you probably don't have the physical equipment available to do that DO NOT turn on blutooth tethering $# ?# DUH!! DO NOT turn on blutooth Your phone's radio hardware already has enough to do, trying to simultaneously maintain an LTE uplink to your mobile carrier and a wifi downlink to your computer DO NOT turn on wifi Don't let your phone try to connect to something that isn't working right now DO NOT forget to turn off blutooth Your phone's radio hardware already has enough to do, trying to simultaneously maintain an LTE uplink to your mobile carrier and a wifi downlink to your computer DO NOT forget to turn off wifi Don't let your phone try to connect to something that isn't working right now Blutooth If you leave blutooth on while trying to tether, your phone could get hot, your battery could go dead, and your hotspot could fail to work properly. Be surprised it it doesn't crash and soft-reboot.","title":"Instruction For Tethering From Phone"},{"location":"posts/instructions-for-tethering-from-phone/#instructions","text":"","title":"Instructions"},{"location":"posts/instructions-for-tethering-from-phone/#part-one","text":"Turn off blutooth on computer Turn off blutooth on phone Turn off Wifi on phone","title":"Part One"},{"location":"posts/instructions-for-tethering-from-phone/#part-two","text":"Turn on wifi hotspot or usb tethering","title":"Part Two"},{"location":"posts/instructions-for-tethering-from-phone/#verify","text":"You want to verify that you are connected to your Android hotspot. Android tether is a router that will stand up a subnet of 192.168.43.0/24 for wifi hotspot, and 192.168.42.0/24 for usb tether. On linux open a terminal and type ip addr on Windows open a cmd console and type ipconfig If tethering via wifi hotspot you should see an ipv4 address of 192.168.43.XX If tethering via usb you should see an ipv4 address of 192.168.42.XX","title":"Verify!"},{"location":"posts/instructions-for-tethering-from-phone/#achtung-do-not","text":"DO NOT turn on ethernet tethering you probably don't have the physical equipment available to do that DO NOT turn on blutooth tethering $# ?# DUH!! DO NOT turn on blutooth Your phone's radio hardware already has enough to do, trying to simultaneously maintain an LTE uplink to your mobile carrier and a wifi downlink to your computer DO NOT turn on wifi Don't let your phone try to connect to something that isn't working right now DO NOT forget to turn off blutooth Your phone's radio hardware already has enough to do, trying to simultaneously maintain an LTE uplink to your mobile carrier and a wifi downlink to your computer DO NOT forget to turn off wifi Don't let your phone try to connect to something that isn't working right now","title":"ACHTUNG Do Not!"},{"location":"posts/instructions-for-tethering-from-phone/#blutooth","text":"If you leave blutooth on while trying to tether, your phone could get hot, your battery could go dead, and your hotspot could fail to work properly. Be surprised it it doesn't crash and soft-reboot.","title":"Blutooth"},{"location":"posts/kvm-on-arch/","text":"date: 2021-10-07 Introduction This is not intended to be a tutorial, but rather a walk-through of how I would install libvirt/kvm on Arch Linux . Packages iptables-nft dnsmasq bridge-utils openbsd-netcat libvirt qemu-headless virt-install virt-install is not needed if connecting remotely with virt-manager, but it does provide virt-clone . Configuration enable libvirtd service systemctl enable libvirtd add user to libvirt group usermod -a -G libvirt <user> environment/bashrc # ~/.bashrc export LIBVIRT_DEFAULT_URI = \"qemu:///system\" reboot the machine Network The default network is defined in /etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/default.xml . Start the default network virsh net-start default . Permanently enable the default network virsh net-autostart default . Jump Host With virt-manager Abstract your jump host in ~/.ssh/config # ~/.ssh/config Host jumphost Hostname <ip address> Port 22 User <user> Host kvmhost Hostname <ip address> ProxyJump jumphost Port 22 User <user> Now you can connect virt-manager to <user>@kvmhost Console Access Enable serial console on guest. systemctl enable serial-getty@ttyS0.service Nested KVM I was going to try to figure out how to permantly set the cpu mode default such that all virtualmachines will be capable of nested virtualization, but it already is. Perhaps that is the default in virt-manager now? Anyway, in case you want to make sure nested virtualization is enabled in the host kernel. Clone Ip Address Conflict I found a great tutorial for assigning ip addresses . The problem we need to solve here is that virtual machine clones won't necessarily solicit a unique ip address, although a clone will have a new mac address . So, you clone a vm: virt-clone --original arch --name archone --auto-clone Get the clone's mac address: virsh dumpxml archone | grep mac Now assign the clone a dhcp reservation: virsh net-edit default Notice that I tighten up the dhcp range, and add a reservation outside the new dhcp range. <network connections= '1' > <name> default </name> <uuid> 8013c9a5-606f-48a0-a3ec-1cf097e76fb1 </uuid> <forward mode= 'nat' > <nat> <port start= '1024' end= '65535' /> </nat> </forward> <bridge name= 'virbr0' stp= 'on' delay= '0' /> <mac address= '52:54:00:ef:cb:d2' /> <ip address= '192.168.122.1' netmask= '255.255.255.0' > <dhcp> <!-- previous dhcp range <range start='192.168.122.2' end='192.168.122.254'/> --> <!-- begin new lines --> <range start= '192.168.122.50' end= '192.168.122.150' /> <host mac= '52:54:00:cd:7d:7f' name= 'archone' ip= '192.168.122.25' /> <!-- end new lines --> </dhcp> </ip> </network> Restart Default Network virsh net-destroy default virsh net-start default","title":"KVM On Arch"},{"location":"posts/kvm-on-arch/#introduction","text":"This is not intended to be a tutorial, but rather a walk-through of how I would install libvirt/kvm on Arch Linux .","title":"Introduction"},{"location":"posts/kvm-on-arch/#packages","text":"iptables-nft dnsmasq bridge-utils openbsd-netcat libvirt qemu-headless virt-install virt-install is not needed if connecting remotely with virt-manager, but it does provide virt-clone .","title":"Packages"},{"location":"posts/kvm-on-arch/#configuration","text":"enable libvirtd service systemctl enable libvirtd add user to libvirt group usermod -a -G libvirt <user>","title":"Configuration"},{"location":"posts/kvm-on-arch/#environmentbashrc","text":"# ~/.bashrc export LIBVIRT_DEFAULT_URI = \"qemu:///system\" reboot the machine","title":"environment/bashrc"},{"location":"posts/kvm-on-arch/#network","text":"The default network is defined in /etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/default.xml . Start the default network virsh net-start default . Permanently enable the default network virsh net-autostart default .","title":"Network"},{"location":"posts/kvm-on-arch/#jump-host-with-virt-manager","text":"Abstract your jump host in ~/.ssh/config # ~/.ssh/config Host jumphost Hostname <ip address> Port 22 User <user> Host kvmhost Hostname <ip address> ProxyJump jumphost Port 22 User <user> Now you can connect virt-manager to <user>@kvmhost","title":"Jump Host With virt-manager"},{"location":"posts/kvm-on-arch/#console-access","text":"Enable serial console on guest. systemctl enable serial-getty@ttyS0.service","title":"Console Access"},{"location":"posts/kvm-on-arch/#nested-kvm","text":"I was going to try to figure out how to permantly set the cpu mode default such that all virtualmachines will be capable of nested virtualization, but it already is. Perhaps that is the default in virt-manager now? Anyway, in case you want to make sure nested virtualization is enabled in the host kernel.","title":"Nested KVM"},{"location":"posts/kvm-on-arch/#clone-ip-address-conflict","text":"I found a great tutorial for assigning ip addresses . The problem we need to solve here is that virtual machine clones won't necessarily solicit a unique ip address, although a clone will have a new mac address . So, you clone a vm: virt-clone --original arch --name archone --auto-clone Get the clone's mac address: virsh dumpxml archone | grep mac","title":"Clone Ip Address Conflict"},{"location":"posts/kvm-on-arch/#now-assign-the-clone-a-dhcp-reservation","text":"virsh net-edit default Notice that I tighten up the dhcp range, and add a reservation outside the new dhcp range. <network connections= '1' > <name> default </name> <uuid> 8013c9a5-606f-48a0-a3ec-1cf097e76fb1 </uuid> <forward mode= 'nat' > <nat> <port start= '1024' end= '65535' /> </nat> </forward> <bridge name= 'virbr0' stp= 'on' delay= '0' /> <mac address= '52:54:00:ef:cb:d2' /> <ip address= '192.168.122.1' netmask= '255.255.255.0' > <dhcp> <!-- previous dhcp range <range start='192.168.122.2' end='192.168.122.254'/> --> <!-- begin new lines --> <range start= '192.168.122.50' end= '192.168.122.150' /> <host mac= '52:54:00:cd:7d:7f' name= 'archone' ip= '192.168.122.25' /> <!-- end new lines --> </dhcp> </ip> </network>","title":"Now assign the clone a dhcp reservation:"},{"location":"posts/kvm-on-arch/#restart-default-network","text":"virsh net-destroy default virsh net-start default","title":"Restart Default Network"},{"location":"posts/linux-move-cursor-with-keyboard/","text":"date: 2020-06-21T22:01:35-07:00 Introduction Linux just makes everything so easy. On a laptop it can be tricky to place your mouse cursor on exactly the correct pixel, using the touchpad. This became apparent to myself while using GIMP to create some png button files for a little tkinter project, but there must be other use-cases as well. xdo commands for moving the cursor move the cursor one pixel left: xdotool mousemove_relative -- -1 0 move the cursor one pixel right: xdotool mousemove_relative -- 1 0 move the cursor one pixel up: xdotool mousemove_relative -- 0 -1 move the cursor one pixel down: xdotool mousemove_relative -- 0 1 map keyboard shortcuts Now, in your keyboard settings, map the above commands to new custom shortcuts. For instance, I find the Ctrl + Super + Up Ctrl + Super + Down Ctrl + Super + Left Ctrl + Super + Right combinations to be convenient in the Mate Desktop. Enjoy!","title":"Linux Move Cursor With Keyboard"},{"location":"posts/linux-move-cursor-with-keyboard/#introduction","text":"Linux just makes everything so easy. On a laptop it can be tricky to place your mouse cursor on exactly the correct pixel, using the touchpad. This became apparent to myself while using GIMP to create some png button files for a little tkinter project, but there must be other use-cases as well.","title":"Introduction"},{"location":"posts/linux-move-cursor-with-keyboard/#xdo-commands-for-moving-the-cursor","text":"move the cursor one pixel left: xdotool mousemove_relative -- -1 0 move the cursor one pixel right: xdotool mousemove_relative -- 1 0 move the cursor one pixel up: xdotool mousemove_relative -- 0 -1 move the cursor one pixel down: xdotool mousemove_relative -- 0 1","title":"xdo commands for moving the cursor"},{"location":"posts/linux-move-cursor-with-keyboard/#map-keyboard-shortcuts","text":"Now, in your keyboard settings, map the above commands to new custom shortcuts. For instance, I find the Ctrl + Super + Up Ctrl + Super + Down Ctrl + Super + Left Ctrl + Super + Right combinations to be convenient in the Mate Desktop. Enjoy!","title":"map keyboard shortcuts"},{"location":"posts/lmde3-xfs-full-disk-encryption/","text":"date: 2019-01-25T23:25:36-08:00 Introduction Linux Mint Debian Edition is the alternate version of Linux Mint, but built on a Debian base. The result is quite pleasant: the stability of desktop Debian, but with the rough edges polished smooth, nicely configured fonts and ui, and all the multi-media codecs included. Unfortunately, the LMDE 3 installer does not support disk encryption, but manually setting this up by hand is pretty straightforward. On the other hand, manually setting up your partitions by hand allows extra freedom and flexibility, and so I have chosen a simple luks-encrypted / partition formatted xfs. As far as swap is concerned, my preference is to use a swap file instead of a swap partition. Having a swap file instead of a swap partition is more flexible because obviously you can easily recreate a different size swap file whenever you like (or use none at all), and the encryption requires no extra set up because the / partition is encrypted anyway. Will this work with a dual-boot set up? Of course! Because you have to manually configure the partitions anyway, just arrange them exactly how you would need for dual-boot. Assumes uefi-configured boot, with separate partitions for /boot formatted ext4, /boot/efi formatted fat32, and a regular luks-encrypted partition for / formatted xfs. Prepare The Installation Media Visit the Linux Mint Website and download the iso file for LMDE 3 64bit. Download from torrents if possible, to save bandwidth. verify the sha256 sum of the iso file sha256sum lmde-3-201808-cinnamon-64bit.iso Identify the thumb drive you are going to install from. type lsblk , note the output, and then insert the thumb drive then type lsblk again and note the additional output # lsblk /dev/sdb NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sdb 8:32 1 14.5G 0 disk \u251c\u2500sdb1 8:33 1 3.4G 0 part /media/trent/Debian 9.6.0 amd64 \u2514\u2500sdb2 8:34 1 416K 0 part In the above example output we see that our thumb drive is identified as /dev/sdb , and partition /dev/sdb1 is automatically mounted. Take special care that you have accurately identified the thumb drive before proceeding. For the sake of example, we will proceed on the assumption that our thumb drive is identified as /dev/sdb , but you need to compensate accordingly. unmount any partition of the thumb drive that are automatically mounted umount /dev/sdb1 write the disk image to the thumb drive ddrescue -D --force lmde-3-201808-cinnamon-64bit.iso /dev/sdb Boot The Install Disc boot into bios to disable fastboot and secureboot invoke your machine's device boot menu and boot the install disc in uefi mode confirm that you have booted in uefi mode by listing efivars ls /sys/firmware/efi/vars Partition The Hard Drive If you recall we are assuming the target hard drive is /dev/sda , as an example. So, make adjustments as necessary. If you would rather use a different partition tool, make sure the efi partition is an efi partition type, and you definitely need a separate /boot partition. if needed you can clear the drive with wipefs wipefs --all /dev/sda create a new partition table for /dev/sda sgdisk /dev/sda -o create a new efi partition for /dev/sda sgdisk /dev/sda --new=1::+512MiB --typecode=1:ef00 create a new /boot partition for /dev/sda sgdisk /dev/sda --new=2::+1G create a new / partition for /dev/sda sgdisk /dev/sda --new=3 verify your partition work sgdisk /dev/sda -p format the efi partition mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sda1 format the /boot partition mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda2 encrypt the / partition, you will be prompted for a password cryptsetup -y -v luksFormat --type luks2 /dev/sda3 decrypt the / partition, you will be prompted for a password cryptsetup open /dev/sda3 cryptroot format the / device mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/cryptroot Mount The Hard Drive This takes advantage of expert mode in the LMDE installer. create an /target directory mkdir /target mount the / device at /target mount /dev/mapper/cryptroot /target create an /target/boot directory mkdir /target/boot mount the /boot partition at /target/boot mount /dev/sda2 /target/boot create an /target/boot/efi directory mkdir /target/boot/efi mount the efi partition at /target/boot/efi mount /dev/sda1 /target/boot/efi Run The Installer App At this point you're ready to run the live installer. You can click the disc icon on the desktop. The first three pages of the live-installer cover Language,Timezone, and Keymap. The fourth page of the live-installer covers name, password, and hostname. On the fifth page of the live-installer, you come to a partition configuration page. But there is nothing to do, so select expert mode at the bottom of the page. Again select forward , and when you come to the page where you configure the location to install grub, that should be the efi partition, i.e. /dev/sda1 . Select forward one more time, and then select install. The installation will run for a few minutes and will then pause. During the pause you need to manually configure fstab and crypttab . Configure Fstab find the UUID of the efi partition blkid /dev/sda1 -s UUID find the UUID of the /boot partition blkid /dev/sda2 -s UUID find the UUID of the / device blkid /dev/mapper/cryptroot -s UUID And when you find the correct UUID numbers, use them to configure /etc/fstab which is actually currently at /target/etc/fstab . # /etc/fstab ############### # efi partition # run the command `blkid /dev/sda1 -s UUID` which outputs # /dev/sda1: UUID=\"17C4-215D\", from which derive UUID=17C4-215D /boot/efi vfat defaults 0 2 # /boot partition # run the command `blkid /dev/sda2 -s UUID` which outputs # /dev/sda2: UUID=\"f2509fff-4854-4721-b546-0274c89e6aec\", from which derive UUID=f2509fff-4854-4721-b546-0274c89e6aec /boot ext4 defaults 0 2 # \"/\" device # run the command `blkid /dev/mapper/cryptroot -s UUID` which outputs # /dev/mapper/cryptroot: UUID=\"72241377-cd65-43a6-8363-1afce5bd93f6\", from which derive UUID=72241377-cd65-43a6-8363-1afce5bd93f6 / xfs defaults 0 1 Configure Crypttab But before the file systems can be mounted, crypttab needs to mount /dev/sda3 at /dev/mapper/cryptroot . Configure /etc/crypttab which is actually currently at /target/etc/crypttab find the UUID of the partition that will be mounted at /dev/mapper/crypttab blkid /dev/sda3 -s UUID And when you find the correct UUID number for /dev/sda3 , use that to configure /etc/crypttab which is actually currently at /target/etc/crypttab . # /etc/crypttab # run the command `blkid /dev/sda3 -s UUID` which outputs # /dev/sda3: UUID=\"da3e0967-711f-4159-85ac-7d5743a75201\", from which derive # <target name> <source device> <key file> <options> cryptroot UUID=da3e0967-711f-4159-85ac-7d5743a75201 none luks Resume Installer App At this point finish running the live installer, and you'll be done. UEFI Fix On some machines, such as HP Laptops, UEFI is broken and efi boot entries don't persist. remount the efi parition mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/ ; cd /mnt/EFI/ create a default efi executable mkdir BOOT ; cp linuxmint/grubx64.efi BOOT/BOOTX64.efi Optional Swap File Visit the Arch Wiki and they will hook you up.","title":"LMDE3 XFS Full Disk Encryption"},{"location":"posts/lmde3-xfs-full-disk-encryption/#introduction","text":"Linux Mint Debian Edition is the alternate version of Linux Mint, but built on a Debian base. The result is quite pleasant: the stability of desktop Debian, but with the rough edges polished smooth, nicely configured fonts and ui, and all the multi-media codecs included. Unfortunately, the LMDE 3 installer does not support disk encryption, but manually setting this up by hand is pretty straightforward. On the other hand, manually setting up your partitions by hand allows extra freedom and flexibility, and so I have chosen a simple luks-encrypted / partition formatted xfs. As far as swap is concerned, my preference is to use a swap file instead of a swap partition. Having a swap file instead of a swap partition is more flexible because obviously you can easily recreate a different size swap file whenever you like (or use none at all), and the encryption requires no extra set up because the / partition is encrypted anyway. Will this work with a dual-boot set up? Of course! Because you have to manually configure the partitions anyway, just arrange them exactly how you would need for dual-boot. Assumes uefi-configured boot, with separate partitions for /boot formatted ext4, /boot/efi formatted fat32, and a regular luks-encrypted partition for / formatted xfs.","title":"Introduction"},{"location":"posts/lmde3-xfs-full-disk-encryption/#prepare-the-installation-media","text":"Visit the Linux Mint Website and download the iso file for LMDE 3 64bit. Download from torrents if possible, to save bandwidth. verify the sha256 sum of the iso file sha256sum lmde-3-201808-cinnamon-64bit.iso Identify the thumb drive you are going to install from. type lsblk , note the output, and then insert the thumb drive then type lsblk again and note the additional output # lsblk /dev/sdb NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sdb 8:32 1 14.5G 0 disk \u251c\u2500sdb1 8:33 1 3.4G 0 part /media/trent/Debian 9.6.0 amd64 \u2514\u2500sdb2 8:34 1 416K 0 part In the above example output we see that our thumb drive is identified as /dev/sdb , and partition /dev/sdb1 is automatically mounted. Take special care that you have accurately identified the thumb drive before proceeding. For the sake of example, we will proceed on the assumption that our thumb drive is identified as /dev/sdb , but you need to compensate accordingly. unmount any partition of the thumb drive that are automatically mounted umount /dev/sdb1 write the disk image to the thumb drive ddrescue -D --force lmde-3-201808-cinnamon-64bit.iso /dev/sdb","title":"Prepare The Installation Media"},{"location":"posts/lmde3-xfs-full-disk-encryption/#boot-the-install-disc","text":"boot into bios to disable fastboot and secureboot invoke your machine's device boot menu and boot the install disc in uefi mode confirm that you have booted in uefi mode by listing efivars ls /sys/firmware/efi/vars","title":"Boot The Install Disc"},{"location":"posts/lmde3-xfs-full-disk-encryption/#partition-the-hard-drive","text":"If you recall we are assuming the target hard drive is /dev/sda , as an example. So, make adjustments as necessary. If you would rather use a different partition tool, make sure the efi partition is an efi partition type, and you definitely need a separate /boot partition. if needed you can clear the drive with wipefs wipefs --all /dev/sda create a new partition table for /dev/sda sgdisk /dev/sda -o create a new efi partition for /dev/sda sgdisk /dev/sda --new=1::+512MiB --typecode=1:ef00 create a new /boot partition for /dev/sda sgdisk /dev/sda --new=2::+1G create a new / partition for /dev/sda sgdisk /dev/sda --new=3 verify your partition work sgdisk /dev/sda -p format the efi partition mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sda1 format the /boot partition mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda2 encrypt the / partition, you will be prompted for a password cryptsetup -y -v luksFormat --type luks2 /dev/sda3 decrypt the / partition, you will be prompted for a password cryptsetup open /dev/sda3 cryptroot format the / device mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/cryptroot","title":"Partition The Hard Drive"},{"location":"posts/lmde3-xfs-full-disk-encryption/#mount-the-hard-drive","text":"This takes advantage of expert mode in the LMDE installer. create an /target directory mkdir /target mount the / device at /target mount /dev/mapper/cryptroot /target create an /target/boot directory mkdir /target/boot mount the /boot partition at /target/boot mount /dev/sda2 /target/boot create an /target/boot/efi directory mkdir /target/boot/efi mount the efi partition at /target/boot/efi mount /dev/sda1 /target/boot/efi","title":"Mount The Hard Drive"},{"location":"posts/lmde3-xfs-full-disk-encryption/#run-the-installer-app","text":"At this point you're ready to run the live installer. You can click the disc icon on the desktop. The first three pages of the live-installer cover Language,Timezone, and Keymap. The fourth page of the live-installer covers name, password, and hostname. On the fifth page of the live-installer, you come to a partition configuration page. But there is nothing to do, so select expert mode at the bottom of the page. Again select forward , and when you come to the page where you configure the location to install grub, that should be the efi partition, i.e. /dev/sda1 . Select forward one more time, and then select install. The installation will run for a few minutes and will then pause. During the pause you need to manually configure fstab and crypttab .","title":"Run The Installer App"},{"location":"posts/lmde3-xfs-full-disk-encryption/#configure-fstab","text":"find the UUID of the efi partition blkid /dev/sda1 -s UUID find the UUID of the /boot partition blkid /dev/sda2 -s UUID find the UUID of the / device blkid /dev/mapper/cryptroot -s UUID And when you find the correct UUID numbers, use them to configure /etc/fstab which is actually currently at /target/etc/fstab . # /etc/fstab ############### # efi partition # run the command `blkid /dev/sda1 -s UUID` which outputs # /dev/sda1: UUID=\"17C4-215D\", from which derive UUID=17C4-215D /boot/efi vfat defaults 0 2 # /boot partition # run the command `blkid /dev/sda2 -s UUID` which outputs # /dev/sda2: UUID=\"f2509fff-4854-4721-b546-0274c89e6aec\", from which derive UUID=f2509fff-4854-4721-b546-0274c89e6aec /boot ext4 defaults 0 2 # \"/\" device # run the command `blkid /dev/mapper/cryptroot -s UUID` which outputs # /dev/mapper/cryptroot: UUID=\"72241377-cd65-43a6-8363-1afce5bd93f6\", from which derive UUID=72241377-cd65-43a6-8363-1afce5bd93f6 / xfs defaults 0 1","title":"Configure Fstab"},{"location":"posts/lmde3-xfs-full-disk-encryption/#configure-crypttab","text":"But before the file systems can be mounted, crypttab needs to mount /dev/sda3 at /dev/mapper/cryptroot . Configure /etc/crypttab which is actually currently at /target/etc/crypttab find the UUID of the partition that will be mounted at /dev/mapper/crypttab blkid /dev/sda3 -s UUID And when you find the correct UUID number for /dev/sda3 , use that to configure /etc/crypttab which is actually currently at /target/etc/crypttab . # /etc/crypttab # run the command `blkid /dev/sda3 -s UUID` which outputs # /dev/sda3: UUID=\"da3e0967-711f-4159-85ac-7d5743a75201\", from which derive # <target name> <source device> <key file> <options> cryptroot UUID=da3e0967-711f-4159-85ac-7d5743a75201 none luks","title":"Configure Crypttab"},{"location":"posts/lmde3-xfs-full-disk-encryption/#resume-installer-app","text":"At this point finish running the live installer, and you'll be done.","title":"Resume Installer App"},{"location":"posts/lmde3-xfs-full-disk-encryption/#uefi-fix","text":"On some machines, such as HP Laptops, UEFI is broken and efi boot entries don't persist. remount the efi parition mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/ ; cd /mnt/EFI/ create a default efi executable mkdir BOOT ; cp linuxmint/grubx64.efi BOOT/BOOTX64.efi","title":"UEFI Fix"},{"location":"posts/lmde3-xfs-full-disk-encryption/#optional-swap-file","text":"Visit the Arch Wiki and they will hook you up.","title":"Optional Swap File"},{"location":"posts/lmde4-custom-partitions-disk-encryption/","text":"date: 2020-12-15 Introduction Linux Mint Debian Edition is the alternate version of Linux Mint, but built on a Debian base. The result is quite pleasant: the stability of desktop Debian, but with the rough edges polished smooth, nicely configured fonts and ui, and all the multi-media codecs included. Previously, I wrote a guide for installing LMDE3 with disk encryption . The installer for LMDE 4 is different in that it includes support for disk encryption, but not if you need custom partitions such as for a dual-boot configuration . With this in mind, the examples presented below assume that you have Windows 10 installed in 4 partitions, and thus you would want to make 3 partitions (5,6,7) after that, for LMDE4. As with before, with separate partitions for /boot formatted ext4, /boot/efi formatted fat32, and a regular luks-encrypted partition for / formatted xfs. With a separate efi partition for LMDE4, you can then use the computer's device boot menu to select which efi boot entry you want to boot. There is also an advantage in having Windows use the first efi partition, in that if something happens to the Windows efi boot entry, you can fall back to the default efi executable. Whereas, if the efi boot entry for Linux somehow gets wiped, you could repair that easily enough via chroot . Prepare The Installation Media Visit the Linux Mint Website and download the iso file for LMDE 4 64bit. Download from torrents if possible, to save bandwidth. verify the sha256 sum of the iso file sha256sum lmde-4-cinnamon-64bit.iso Identify the thumb drive you are going to install from. type lsblk , note the output, and then insert the thumb drive then type lsblk again and note the additional output # lsblk /dev/sdb NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sdb 8:32 1 14.5G 0 disk \u251c\u2500sdb1 8:33 1 3.4G 0 part /media/trent/Debian 9.6.0 amd64 \u2514\u2500sdb2 8:34 1 416K 0 part In the above example output we see that our thumb drive is identified as /dev/sdb , and partition /dev/sdb1 is automatically mounted. Take special care that you have accurately identified the thumb drive before proceeding. For the sake of example, we will proceed on the assumption that our thumb drive is identified as /dev/sdb , but you need to compensate accordingly. unmount any partition of the thumb drive that are automatically mounted umount /dev/sdb1 write the disk image to the thumb drive ddrescue -D --force lmde-4-cinnamon-64bit.iso /dev/sdb Boot The Install Disc boot into bios to disable fastboot and secureboot invoke your machine's device boot menu and boot the install disc in uefi mode confirm that you have booted in uefi mode by listing efivars ls /sys/firmware/efi/vars Partition The Hard Drive If you recall we are assuming the target hard drive is /dev/sda , as an example. So, make adjustments as necessary. If you would rather use a different partition tool, make sure the efi partition is an efi partition type, and you definitely need a separate /boot partition. If indeed, you are installing a dual-boot and are installing alongside another operating system, then skip steps 1 and 2 , obviously. if needed you can clear the drive with wipefs wipefs --all /dev/sda create a new partition table for /dev/sda sgdisk /dev/sda -o create a new efi partition for /dev/sda sgdisk /dev/sda --new=5::+512MiB --typecode=1:ef00 create a new /boot partition for /dev/sda sgdisk /dev/sda --new=6::+1G create a new / partition for /dev/sda sgdisk /dev/sda --new=7 verify your partition work sgdisk /dev/sda -p format the efi partition mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sda5 format the /boot partition mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda6 encrypt the / partition, you will be prompted for a password cryptsetup -y -v luksFormat --type luks2 /dev/sda7 decrypt the / partition, you will be prompted for a password cryptsetup open /dev/sda7 cryptroot format the / device mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/cryptroot Mount The Hard Drive This takes advantage of expert mode in the LMDE installer. create an /target directory mkdir /target mount the / device at /target mount /dev/mapper/cryptroot /target create an /target/boot directory mkdir /target/boot mount the /boot partition at /target/boot mount /dev/sda6 /target/boot create an /target/boot/efi directory mkdir /target/boot/efi mount the efi partition at /target/boot/efi mount /dev/sda5 /target/boot/efi Run The Installer App From Command Line At this point you're ready to run the live installer. But you need to run the installer from the command line in order to use expert-mode : live-installer --expert-mode The first three pages of the live-installer cover Language,Timezone, and Keymap. The fourth page of the live-installer covers name, password, and hostname. After this select manual partitioning . On the seventh page of the live-installer, you come to a partition configuration page. But there is nothing to do here. The partition-configuration doesn't even recognize your encrypted partitions. But no matter, because you have already mounted the target file system relative to /target/ , so select expert mode at the bottom of the page. the installer doesn't even recognize the encrypted partitions ... ignore everything on this screen and click the `Expert mode` button Again select forward , and when you come to the page where you configure the location to install grub, that should be the efi partition, i.e. /dev/sda5 . select the efi partition as the location to install grub Then continue with the installation. The installation will run for a few minutes and will then pause. There will be a popup informing you that the installation has paused. During the pause you need to manually configure fstab and crypttab . Configure Fstab find the UUID of the efi partition blkid /dev/sda5 -s UUID find the UUID of the /boot partition blkid /dev/sda6 -s UUID find the UUID of the / device blkid /dev/mapper/cryptroot -s UUID And when you find the correct UUID numbers, use them to configure /etc/fstab which is actually currently at /target/etc/fstab . # /etc/fstab ############### # efi partition # run the command `blkid /dev/sda1 -s UUID` which outputs # /dev/sda5: UUID=\"17C4-215D\", from which derive UUID=17C4-215D /boot/efi vfat defaults 0 2 # /boot partition # run the command `blkid /dev/sda2 -s UUID` which outputs # /dev/sda6: UUID=\"f2509fff-4854-4721-b546-0274c89e6aec\", from which derive UUID=f2509fff-4854-4721-b546-0274c89e6aec /boot ext4 defaults 0 2 # \"/\" device # run the command `blkid /dev/mapper/cryptroot -s UUID` which outputs # /dev/mapper/cryptroot: UUID=\"72241377-cd65-43a6-8363-1afce5bd93f6\", from which derive UUID=72241377-cd65-43a6-8363-1afce5bd93f6 / xfs defaults 0 1 Configure Crypttab But before the file systems can be mounted, crypttab needs to mount /dev/sda3 at /dev/mapper/cryptroot . Configure /etc/crypttab which is actually currently at /target/etc/crypttab Sorry, that's actually an over-simplification. But you need to configure crypttab now, because when the installer continues running again, it installs the bootloader and builds the initramfs, and mkinitramfs parses crypttab , and builds and configures the initramfs in such a way that it knows to decrypt your / partition so it can then hand it off to the kernel at boot time (I think). find the UUID of the partition that will be mounted at /dev/mapper/crypttab blkid /dev/sda3 -s UUID And when you find the correct UUID number for /dev/sda3 , use that to configure /etc/crypttab which is actually currently at /target/etc/crypttab . # /etc/crypttab # run the command `blkid /dev/sda7 -s UUID` which outputs # /dev/sda7: UUID=\"da3e0967-711f-4159-85ac-7d5743a75201\", from which derive # <target name> <source device> <key file> <options> cryptroot UUID=da3e0967-711f-4159-85ac-7d5743a75201 none luks Resume Installer App At this point finish running the live installer, and you'll be done. UEFI Fix Well, actually there isn't one. In this scenario having two efi partitions, we rely on the motherboard correctly persisting efi boot entries. So if you are unlucky enough to have one of the HP laptops that forgets efi boot entries, I guess you are out of luck. You might try using a single efi partition instead of two, and maybe that will work. Presumably this would require using VeraCrypt for Windows, instead of Bitlocker (because Bitlocker won't allow Grub to load the Windows bootloader?) Optional Swap File Visit the Arch Wiki and they will hook you up.","title":"LMDE4 Custom Partitions for Disk Encryption"},{"location":"posts/lmde4-custom-partitions-disk-encryption/#introduction","text":"Linux Mint Debian Edition is the alternate version of Linux Mint, but built on a Debian base. The result is quite pleasant: the stability of desktop Debian, but with the rough edges polished smooth, nicely configured fonts and ui, and all the multi-media codecs included. Previously, I wrote a guide for installing LMDE3 with disk encryption . The installer for LMDE 4 is different in that it includes support for disk encryption, but not if you need custom partitions such as for a dual-boot configuration . With this in mind, the examples presented below assume that you have Windows 10 installed in 4 partitions, and thus you would want to make 3 partitions (5,6,7) after that, for LMDE4. As with before, with separate partitions for /boot formatted ext4, /boot/efi formatted fat32, and a regular luks-encrypted partition for / formatted xfs. With a separate efi partition for LMDE4, you can then use the computer's device boot menu to select which efi boot entry you want to boot. There is also an advantage in having Windows use the first efi partition, in that if something happens to the Windows efi boot entry, you can fall back to the default efi executable. Whereas, if the efi boot entry for Linux somehow gets wiped, you could repair that easily enough via chroot .","title":"Introduction"},{"location":"posts/lmde4-custom-partitions-disk-encryption/#prepare-the-installation-media","text":"Visit the Linux Mint Website and download the iso file for LMDE 4 64bit. Download from torrents if possible, to save bandwidth. verify the sha256 sum of the iso file sha256sum lmde-4-cinnamon-64bit.iso Identify the thumb drive you are going to install from. type lsblk , note the output, and then insert the thumb drive then type lsblk again and note the additional output # lsblk /dev/sdb NAME MAJ:MIN RM SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINT sdb 8:32 1 14.5G 0 disk \u251c\u2500sdb1 8:33 1 3.4G 0 part /media/trent/Debian 9.6.0 amd64 \u2514\u2500sdb2 8:34 1 416K 0 part In the above example output we see that our thumb drive is identified as /dev/sdb , and partition /dev/sdb1 is automatically mounted. Take special care that you have accurately identified the thumb drive before proceeding. For the sake of example, we will proceed on the assumption that our thumb drive is identified as /dev/sdb , but you need to compensate accordingly. unmount any partition of the thumb drive that are automatically mounted umount /dev/sdb1 write the disk image to the thumb drive ddrescue -D --force lmde-4-cinnamon-64bit.iso /dev/sdb","title":"Prepare The Installation Media"},{"location":"posts/lmde4-custom-partitions-disk-encryption/#boot-the-install-disc","text":"boot into bios to disable fastboot and secureboot invoke your machine's device boot menu and boot the install disc in uefi mode confirm that you have booted in uefi mode by listing efivars ls /sys/firmware/efi/vars","title":"Boot The Install Disc"},{"location":"posts/lmde4-custom-partitions-disk-encryption/#partition-the-hard-drive","text":"If you recall we are assuming the target hard drive is /dev/sda , as an example. So, make adjustments as necessary. If you would rather use a different partition tool, make sure the efi partition is an efi partition type, and you definitely need a separate /boot partition. If indeed, you are installing a dual-boot and are installing alongside another operating system, then skip steps 1 and 2 , obviously. if needed you can clear the drive with wipefs wipefs --all /dev/sda create a new partition table for /dev/sda sgdisk /dev/sda -o create a new efi partition for /dev/sda sgdisk /dev/sda --new=5::+512MiB --typecode=1:ef00 create a new /boot partition for /dev/sda sgdisk /dev/sda --new=6::+1G create a new / partition for /dev/sda sgdisk /dev/sda --new=7 verify your partition work sgdisk /dev/sda -p format the efi partition mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sda5 format the /boot partition mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda6 encrypt the / partition, you will be prompted for a password cryptsetup -y -v luksFormat --type luks2 /dev/sda7 decrypt the / partition, you will be prompted for a password cryptsetup open /dev/sda7 cryptroot format the / device mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/cryptroot","title":"Partition The Hard Drive"},{"location":"posts/lmde4-custom-partitions-disk-encryption/#mount-the-hard-drive","text":"This takes advantage of expert mode in the LMDE installer. create an /target directory mkdir /target mount the / device at /target mount /dev/mapper/cryptroot /target create an /target/boot directory mkdir /target/boot mount the /boot partition at /target/boot mount /dev/sda6 /target/boot create an /target/boot/efi directory mkdir /target/boot/efi mount the efi partition at /target/boot/efi mount /dev/sda5 /target/boot/efi","title":"Mount The Hard Drive"},{"location":"posts/lmde4-custom-partitions-disk-encryption/#run-the-installer-app-from-command-line","text":"At this point you're ready to run the live installer. But you need to run the installer from the command line in order to use expert-mode : live-installer --expert-mode The first three pages of the live-installer cover Language,Timezone, and Keymap. The fourth page of the live-installer covers name, password, and hostname. After this select manual partitioning . On the seventh page of the live-installer, you come to a partition configuration page. But there is nothing to do here. The partition-configuration doesn't even recognize your encrypted partitions. But no matter, because you have already mounted the target file system relative to /target/ , so select expert mode at the bottom of the page. the installer doesn't even recognize the encrypted partitions ... ignore everything on this screen and click the `Expert mode` button Again select forward , and when you come to the page where you configure the location to install grub, that should be the efi partition, i.e. /dev/sda5 . select the efi partition as the location to install grub Then continue with the installation. The installation will run for a few minutes and will then pause. There will be a popup informing you that the installation has paused. During the pause you need to manually configure fstab and crypttab .","title":"Run The Installer App From Command Line"},{"location":"posts/lmde4-custom-partitions-disk-encryption/#configure-fstab","text":"find the UUID of the efi partition blkid /dev/sda5 -s UUID find the UUID of the /boot partition blkid /dev/sda6 -s UUID find the UUID of the / device blkid /dev/mapper/cryptroot -s UUID And when you find the correct UUID numbers, use them to configure /etc/fstab which is actually currently at /target/etc/fstab . # /etc/fstab ############### # efi partition # run the command `blkid /dev/sda1 -s UUID` which outputs # /dev/sda5: UUID=\"17C4-215D\", from which derive UUID=17C4-215D /boot/efi vfat defaults 0 2 # /boot partition # run the command `blkid /dev/sda2 -s UUID` which outputs # /dev/sda6: UUID=\"f2509fff-4854-4721-b546-0274c89e6aec\", from which derive UUID=f2509fff-4854-4721-b546-0274c89e6aec /boot ext4 defaults 0 2 # \"/\" device # run the command `blkid /dev/mapper/cryptroot -s UUID` which outputs # /dev/mapper/cryptroot: UUID=\"72241377-cd65-43a6-8363-1afce5bd93f6\", from which derive UUID=72241377-cd65-43a6-8363-1afce5bd93f6 / xfs defaults 0 1","title":"Configure Fstab"},{"location":"posts/lmde4-custom-partitions-disk-encryption/#configure-crypttab","text":"But before the file systems can be mounted, crypttab needs to mount /dev/sda3 at /dev/mapper/cryptroot . Configure /etc/crypttab which is actually currently at /target/etc/crypttab Sorry, that's actually an over-simplification. But you need to configure crypttab now, because when the installer continues running again, it installs the bootloader and builds the initramfs, and mkinitramfs parses crypttab , and builds and configures the initramfs in such a way that it knows to decrypt your / partition so it can then hand it off to the kernel at boot time (I think). find the UUID of the partition that will be mounted at /dev/mapper/crypttab blkid /dev/sda3 -s UUID And when you find the correct UUID number for /dev/sda3 , use that to configure /etc/crypttab which is actually currently at /target/etc/crypttab . # /etc/crypttab # run the command `blkid /dev/sda7 -s UUID` which outputs # /dev/sda7: UUID=\"da3e0967-711f-4159-85ac-7d5743a75201\", from which derive # <target name> <source device> <key file> <options> cryptroot UUID=da3e0967-711f-4159-85ac-7d5743a75201 none luks","title":"Configure Crypttab"},{"location":"posts/lmde4-custom-partitions-disk-encryption/#resume-installer-app","text":"At this point finish running the live installer, and you'll be done.","title":"Resume Installer App"},{"location":"posts/lmde4-custom-partitions-disk-encryption/#uefi-fix","text":"Well, actually there isn't one. In this scenario having two efi partitions, we rely on the motherboard correctly persisting efi boot entries. So if you are unlucky enough to have one of the HP laptops that forgets efi boot entries, I guess you are out of luck. You might try using a single efi partition instead of two, and maybe that will work. Presumably this would require using VeraCrypt for Windows, instead of Bitlocker (because Bitlocker won't allow Grub to load the Windows bootloader?)","title":"UEFI Fix"},{"location":"posts/lmde4-custom-partitions-disk-encryption/#optional-swap-file","text":"Visit the Arch Wiki and they will hook you up.","title":"Optional Swap File"},{"location":"posts/prosody-photo-uploads/","text":"date: 2021-01-25 Introduction Install prosody on Debian 10 with photoupload, postgresql database, and letsencrypt certs. DNS Log into your dns provider and create A and AAAA records for xmpp.example.com Log into your dns provider and create A and AAAA records for xmppupload.example.com FireWall Incidentally, you definitely do want to use a non-standard ssh port for connecting over the internet. I would suggest that a firewall is important, because I couldn't figure out how to completely disable port 5280 for the http protocol, in the clear, in the prosody config. ports 80/tcp , 443/tcp for certbot 4444/tcp i.e. port 4444 for ssh 5222/tcp for xmpp-client 5269/tcp for xmpp-server 5281/tcp for https connections to prosody for uploads and photos FireWall with UFW ufw allow http ufw allow https ufw allow xmpp-client ufw allow xmpp-server ufw allow 5281/tcp ufw allow 4444/tcp i.e. if 4444 for ssh ufw enable to start the firewall Postgresql Database Install the postgresql database. apt-get install postgresql postgresql-contrib Log into the psql command line. sudo -u postgres psql Create prosody database postgres =# CREATE DATABASE prosody ; Creat prosody user postgres =# CREATE ROLE prosody WITH LOGIN ; Set password for user postgres =# \\ password prosody Quit psql postgres =# \\ q allow authentication in pg_hba.conf To connect to postgresql via unix socket # /etc/postgresql/11/main/pg_hba.conf # make sure this line is above local prosody prosody md5 # make sure this line is below local all all peer or i.e. through a wireguard tunnel # /etc/postgresql/11/main/pg_hba.conf # where 10.0.22.5 is the ip address of the machine that prosody will run on host prosody prosody 10.0.22.5/32 md5 and then restart postgresql systemctl restart postgresql Prosody Install Prosody apt install prosody prosody-modules lua-dbi-postgresql Configure Prosody backup the prosody config file cp /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua.bak if you want to disable advertising version and uptime, allow message archives, and disallow registration, change this -- /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua modules_enabled = { ... -- Nice to have \"version\"; -- Replies to server version requests \"uptime\"; -- Report how long server has been running \"time\"; -- Let others know the time here on this server \"ping\"; -- Replies to XMPP pings with pongs \"register\"; -- Allow users to register on this server using a client and change passwords --\"mam\"; -- Store messages in an archive and allow users to access it --\"csi_simple\"; -- Simple Mobile optimizations ... } to this -- /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua modules_enabled = { ... -- Nice to have --\"version\"; -- Replies to server version requests --\"uptime\"; -- Report how long server has been running \"time\"; -- Let others know the time here on this server \"ping\"; -- Replies to XMPP pings with pongs --\"register\"; -- Allow users to register on this server using a client and change passwords \"mam\"; -- Store messages in an archive and allow users to access it --\"csi_simple\"; -- Simple Mobile optimizations ... } to force certificate authentication for server-to-server connections, make the following edit around line 123 -- /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua -- Force certificate authentication for server-to-server connections? -- change this s2s_secure_auth = false -- to this s2s_secure_auth = true around line 147 enable sql -- /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua -- change this --storage = \"sql\" -- to this storage = \"sql\" and describe the database connection -- /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua -- change this --sql = { driver = \"PostgreSQL\", database = \"prosody\", username = \"prosody\", password = \"secret\", host = \"localhost\" } -- to this sql = { driver = \"PostgreSQL\", database = \"prosody\", username = \"prosody\", password = \"secret\", host = \"localhost\" } -- or to use a unix socket in Debian 10 sql = { driver = \"PostgreSQL\", database = \"prosody\", username = \"prosody\", password = \"secret\", host = \"/var/run/postgresql\" } somewhere around line 196, describe the certificate file for the upoad subdomain -- /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua -- change this --https_certificate = \"/etc/prosody/certs/localhost.crt\" -- to this https_certificate = \"/etc/prosody/certs/xmppupload.example.com.crt\" somewhere around line 210 describe your virtualhost -- /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua VirtualHost \"xmpp.example.com\" disco_items = { {\"xmppupload.example.com\"}, } add the following to the end of the file -- /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua Component \"xmppupload.example.com\" \"http_upload\" and then restart prosody systemctl restart prososdy Certbot install certbot apt install certbot get certificates certbot certonly -d xmpp.example.com certbot certonly -d xmppupload.example.com import the certificates into prosody and restart prosody prosodyctl --root cert import /etc/letsencrypt/live systemctl restart prosody create the following renewal-hook for letsencrypt # !/bin/bash # /etc/letsencrypt/renewal-hooks/deploy/prosody_deploy_hook prosodyctl --root cert import /etc/letsencrypt/live","title":"Prosody Photo Uploads"},{"location":"posts/prosody-photo-uploads/#introduction","text":"Install prosody on Debian 10 with photoupload, postgresql database, and letsencrypt certs.","title":"Introduction"},{"location":"posts/prosody-photo-uploads/#dns","text":"Log into your dns provider and create A and AAAA records for xmpp.example.com Log into your dns provider and create A and AAAA records for xmppupload.example.com","title":"DNS"},{"location":"posts/prosody-photo-uploads/#firewall","text":"Incidentally, you definitely do want to use a non-standard ssh port for connecting over the internet. I would suggest that a firewall is important, because I couldn't figure out how to completely disable port 5280 for the http protocol, in the clear, in the prosody config.","title":"FireWall"},{"location":"posts/prosody-photo-uploads/#ports","text":"80/tcp , 443/tcp for certbot 4444/tcp i.e. port 4444 for ssh 5222/tcp for xmpp-client 5269/tcp for xmpp-server 5281/tcp for https connections to prosody for uploads and photos","title":"ports"},{"location":"posts/prosody-photo-uploads/#firewall-with-ufw","text":"ufw allow http ufw allow https ufw allow xmpp-client ufw allow xmpp-server ufw allow 5281/tcp ufw allow 4444/tcp i.e. if 4444 for ssh ufw enable to start the firewall","title":"FireWall with UFW"},{"location":"posts/prosody-photo-uploads/#postgresql-database","text":"","title":"Postgresql Database"},{"location":"posts/prosody-photo-uploads/#install-the-postgresql-database","text":"apt-get install postgresql postgresql-contrib Log into the psql command line. sudo -u postgres psql Create prosody database postgres =# CREATE DATABASE prosody ; Creat prosody user postgres =# CREATE ROLE prosody WITH LOGIN ; Set password for user postgres =# \\ password prosody Quit psql postgres =# \\ q","title":"Install the postgresql database."},{"location":"posts/prosody-photo-uploads/#allow-authentication-in-pg_hbaconf","text":"To connect to postgresql via unix socket # /etc/postgresql/11/main/pg_hba.conf # make sure this line is above local prosody prosody md5 # make sure this line is below local all all peer or i.e. through a wireguard tunnel # /etc/postgresql/11/main/pg_hba.conf # where 10.0.22.5 is the ip address of the machine that prosody will run on host prosody prosody 10.0.22.5/32 md5 and then restart postgresql systemctl restart postgresql","title":"allow authentication in pg_hba.conf"},{"location":"posts/prosody-photo-uploads/#prosody","text":"","title":"Prosody"},{"location":"posts/prosody-photo-uploads/#install-prosody","text":"apt install prosody prosody-modules lua-dbi-postgresql","title":"Install Prosody"},{"location":"posts/prosody-photo-uploads/#configure-prosody","text":"backup the prosody config file cp /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua.bak if you want to disable advertising version and uptime, allow message archives, and disallow registration, change this -- /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua modules_enabled = { ... -- Nice to have \"version\"; -- Replies to server version requests \"uptime\"; -- Report how long server has been running \"time\"; -- Let others know the time here on this server \"ping\"; -- Replies to XMPP pings with pongs \"register\"; -- Allow users to register on this server using a client and change passwords --\"mam\"; -- Store messages in an archive and allow users to access it --\"csi_simple\"; -- Simple Mobile optimizations ... } to this -- /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua modules_enabled = { ... -- Nice to have --\"version\"; -- Replies to server version requests --\"uptime\"; -- Report how long server has been running \"time\"; -- Let others know the time here on this server \"ping\"; -- Replies to XMPP pings with pongs --\"register\"; -- Allow users to register on this server using a client and change passwords \"mam\"; -- Store messages in an archive and allow users to access it --\"csi_simple\"; -- Simple Mobile optimizations ... } to force certificate authentication for server-to-server connections, make the following edit around line 123 -- /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua -- Force certificate authentication for server-to-server connections? -- change this s2s_secure_auth = false -- to this s2s_secure_auth = true around line 147 enable sql -- /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua -- change this --storage = \"sql\" -- to this storage = \"sql\" and describe the database connection -- /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua -- change this --sql = { driver = \"PostgreSQL\", database = \"prosody\", username = \"prosody\", password = \"secret\", host = \"localhost\" } -- to this sql = { driver = \"PostgreSQL\", database = \"prosody\", username = \"prosody\", password = \"secret\", host = \"localhost\" } -- or to use a unix socket in Debian 10 sql = { driver = \"PostgreSQL\", database = \"prosody\", username = \"prosody\", password = \"secret\", host = \"/var/run/postgresql\" } somewhere around line 196, describe the certificate file for the upoad subdomain -- /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua -- change this --https_certificate = \"/etc/prosody/certs/localhost.crt\" -- to this https_certificate = \"/etc/prosody/certs/xmppupload.example.com.crt\" somewhere around line 210 describe your virtualhost -- /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua VirtualHost \"xmpp.example.com\" disco_items = { {\"xmppupload.example.com\"}, } add the following to the end of the file -- /etc/prosody/prosody.cfg.lua Component \"xmppupload.example.com\" \"http_upload\" and then restart prosody systemctl restart prososdy","title":"Configure Prosody"},{"location":"posts/prosody-photo-uploads/#certbot","text":"install certbot apt install certbot get certificates certbot certonly -d xmpp.example.com certbot certonly -d xmppupload.example.com import the certificates into prosody and restart prosody prosodyctl --root cert import /etc/letsencrypt/live systemctl restart prosody create the following renewal-hook for letsencrypt # !/bin/bash # /etc/letsencrypt/renewal-hooks/deploy/prosody_deploy_hook prosodyctl --root cert import /etc/letsencrypt/live","title":"Certbot"},{"location":"posts/raspberrypi-lte-failover-router-with-dns-caching/","text":"date: 2021-10-06 Introduction Apparently Windows has a problem resolving hosts when you tether from Mobile HotSpot. The solution is to build a DNS-Caching router that tethers off the smartphone. This takes advantage of Android's ability so transparently fail-over to LTE when residential internet service goes down. This solution also takes advantage of the RaspberryPi's incredibly low price, the fact that LineageOS will run on cheap old phones that are no longer supported by the mfgr, and the fact that GoogleFi will ship you a data-sim for free. For instance, I just bought a brand-new, open-box Pixel phone for $85, and presumable the MotoX4 can also be had for next to nothing. Materials RaspberryPi running Arch Linux Arm Old Android Phone Running LineageOS Free Data Sim Card From GoogleFi RaspberryPi Router tethered off MotoX4 (running LineageOS) Setup Personally I would secure the ssh server generate and configure the locale remove the default root password, and default user write your preferred hostname in /etc/hostname configure your preferred timezone: ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/<Zone>/<SubZone> /etc/localtime Additionally, the router won't be accessible for administrative tasks when it is behind the Android Tether ; for this I would use a wireguard vpn . Configure The Router. The entire configuration of the router consists of two systemd-networkd interface definitions, as well as /etc/resolv.conf , and /etc/dnsmasq.conf . resolvconf systemd-resolved is no use to us because it only listens on localhost. # disable systemd-resolved systemctl stop systemd-resolved systemctl disable systemd-resolved unlink /etc/resolv.conf After unlinking the symlinked version of /etc/resolv.conf , write your nameservers and options in a real /etc/resolv.conf . # the default timeout of 5 seconds is too slow options timeout:1 # nameserver when connected to lan nameserver 192.168.1.1 # nameserver when connected to mobile network nameserver 8.8.8.8 Interface Definitions For systemd-networkd I believe the usb interfaces are numbered 1-4, so either be careful which one you use, or maybe a wildcard name will work, i.e. Name=usb* # uplink # /etc/systemd/network/usb0.network [Match] Name = usb0 [Network] DHCP = yes DNSSEC = no IPForward = yes # downlink, ethernet cable # /etc/systemd/network/eth0.network [Match] Name = eth0 [Network] Address = 10.12.34.1/24 DHCPServer = yes IPForward = yes IPMasquerade = both Configuration For dnsmasq Install dnsmasq , and enable it systemctl enable dnsmasq . # /etc/dnsmasq.conf resolv-file = /etc/resolv.conf interface = eth0 no-dhcp-interface = eth0 Reboot Plug in the Android Phone, reboot the RaspberryPi, and when it comes back up toggle on the USB tether on the Android Phone. Plug ethernet cable into Windows Computer, open CMD prompt and type ping google.com to test connectivity and name resolution. Or on a Linux computer type ping -c 3 google.com . Alternate DHCP Service You can use dnsmasq for DHCP Service instead of systemd-networkd . # downlink, ethernet cable # /etc/systemd/network/eth0.network [Match] Name = eth0 [Network] Address = 10.12.34.1/24 # DHCPServer=yes IPForward = yes IPMasquerade = both # /etc/dnsmasq.conf resolv-file = /etc/resolv.conf interface = eth0 # no-dhcp-interface=eth0 dhcp-range = 10.12.34.50,10.12.34.150 Reference For systemd-networkd examples in /usr/lib/systemd/network/ Man Page Use With Multiple Computers Just add an unmanaged switch . Wifi Instead of Ethernet Use downlink definition for wlan0 instead of eth0 , and install hostapd # /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf interface = wlan0 hw_mode = g channel = 7 wmm_enabled = 0 macaddr_acl = 0 auth_algs = 1 ignore_broadcast_ssid = 0 wpa = 2 wpa_key_mgmt = WPA-PSK wpa_pairwise = TKIP rsn_pairwise = CCMP ssid = NETWORK wpa_passphrase = PASSWORD","title":"RaspberryPi LTE-Failover Router With DNS Caching"},{"location":"posts/raspberrypi-lte-failover-router-with-dns-caching/#introduction","text":"Apparently Windows has a problem resolving hosts when you tether from Mobile HotSpot. The solution is to build a DNS-Caching router that tethers off the smartphone. This takes advantage of Android's ability so transparently fail-over to LTE when residential internet service goes down. This solution also takes advantage of the RaspberryPi's incredibly low price, the fact that LineageOS will run on cheap old phones that are no longer supported by the mfgr, and the fact that GoogleFi will ship you a data-sim for free. For instance, I just bought a brand-new, open-box Pixel phone for $85, and presumable the MotoX4 can also be had for next to nothing.","title":"Introduction"},{"location":"posts/raspberrypi-lte-failover-router-with-dns-caching/#materials","text":"RaspberryPi running Arch Linux Arm Old Android Phone Running LineageOS Free Data Sim Card From GoogleFi RaspberryPi Router tethered off MotoX4 (running LineageOS)","title":"Materials"},{"location":"posts/raspberrypi-lte-failover-router-with-dns-caching/#setup","text":"Personally I would secure the ssh server generate and configure the locale remove the default root password, and default user write your preferred hostname in /etc/hostname configure your preferred timezone: ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/<Zone>/<SubZone> /etc/localtime Additionally, the router won't be accessible for administrative tasks when it is behind the Android Tether ; for this I would use a wireguard vpn .","title":"Setup"},{"location":"posts/raspberrypi-lte-failover-router-with-dns-caching/#configure-the-router","text":"The entire configuration of the router consists of two systemd-networkd interface definitions, as well as /etc/resolv.conf , and /etc/dnsmasq.conf .","title":"Configure The Router."},{"location":"posts/raspberrypi-lte-failover-router-with-dns-caching/#resolvconf","text":"systemd-resolved is no use to us because it only listens on localhost. # disable systemd-resolved systemctl stop systemd-resolved systemctl disable systemd-resolved unlink /etc/resolv.conf After unlinking the symlinked version of /etc/resolv.conf , write your nameservers and options in a real /etc/resolv.conf . # the default timeout of 5 seconds is too slow options timeout:1 # nameserver when connected to lan nameserver 192.168.1.1 # nameserver when connected to mobile network nameserver 8.8.8.8","title":"resolvconf"},{"location":"posts/raspberrypi-lte-failover-router-with-dns-caching/#interface-definitions-for-systemd-networkd","text":"I believe the usb interfaces are numbered 1-4, so either be careful which one you use, or maybe a wildcard name will work, i.e. Name=usb* # uplink # /etc/systemd/network/usb0.network [Match] Name = usb0 [Network] DHCP = yes DNSSEC = no IPForward = yes # downlink, ethernet cable # /etc/systemd/network/eth0.network [Match] Name = eth0 [Network] Address = 10.12.34.1/24 DHCPServer = yes IPForward = yes IPMasquerade = both","title":"Interface Definitions For systemd-networkd"},{"location":"posts/raspberrypi-lte-failover-router-with-dns-caching/#configuration-for-dnsmasq","text":"Install dnsmasq , and enable it systemctl enable dnsmasq . # /etc/dnsmasq.conf resolv-file = /etc/resolv.conf interface = eth0 no-dhcp-interface = eth0","title":"Configuration For dnsmasq"},{"location":"posts/raspberrypi-lte-failover-router-with-dns-caching/#reboot","text":"Plug in the Android Phone, reboot the RaspberryPi, and when it comes back up toggle on the USB tether on the Android Phone. Plug ethernet cable into Windows Computer, open CMD prompt and type ping google.com to test connectivity and name resolution. Or on a Linux computer type ping -c 3 google.com .","title":"Reboot"},{"location":"posts/raspberrypi-lte-failover-router-with-dns-caching/#alternate-dhcp-service","text":"You can use dnsmasq for DHCP Service instead of systemd-networkd . # downlink, ethernet cable # /etc/systemd/network/eth0.network [Match] Name = eth0 [Network] Address = 10.12.34.1/24 # DHCPServer=yes IPForward = yes IPMasquerade = both # /etc/dnsmasq.conf resolv-file = /etc/resolv.conf interface = eth0 # no-dhcp-interface=eth0 dhcp-range = 10.12.34.50,10.12.34.150","title":"Alternate DHCP Service"},{"location":"posts/raspberrypi-lte-failover-router-with-dns-caching/#reference-for-systemd-networkd","text":"examples in /usr/lib/systemd/network/ Man Page","title":"Reference For systemd-networkd"},{"location":"posts/raspberrypi-lte-failover-router-with-dns-caching/#use-with-multiple-computers","text":"Just add an unmanaged switch .","title":"Use With Multiple Computers"},{"location":"posts/raspberrypi-lte-failover-router-with-dns-caching/#wifi-instead-of-ethernet","text":"Use downlink definition for wlan0 instead of eth0 , and install hostapd # /etc/hostapd/hostapd.conf interface = wlan0 hw_mode = g channel = 7 wmm_enabled = 0 macaddr_acl = 0 auth_algs = 1 ignore_broadcast_ssid = 0 wpa = 2 wpa_key_mgmt = WPA-PSK wpa_pairwise = TKIP rsn_pairwise = CCMP ssid = NETWORK wpa_passphrase = PASSWORD","title":"Wifi Instead of Ethernet"},{"location":"posts/rewrite-hugo-themes-report-in-python/","text":"date: 2019-01-25T01:02:57-08:00 Ranking Hugo Themes by Stars, Commit Date A while back I was grazing the selfhosted subreddit, and noticed Hugo coming up in conversation. I recalled that hugo requires a third-party theme in order to function. But was a bit of a challenge, because how do you know what is a good Hugo theme? First Version in Bash I ended up writing a little bash script (now deprecated) that scrapes the Github api and generates a little report about Hugo themes. It basically curled json from the Github api, and parsed it with grep, awk, and sed, and eventually spat out a plain text file. Rewrite in Python It was about a year later that I decided to rewrite the script in Python, using sqlite as a database. I discovered how to use the python requests module, got some practice with sqlite, and discovered how to make conditional request against the Github api using ETags and \u2018If-Modified-Since\u2019 (ETags are easier). But this was my first time using python like this. And I have to tell you, it\u2019s a lot moar fun than recursive fibonacci tutorials! Building an HTML5 Table (bootstrap, actually) By the time I had figured out how to collect the data I needed, I realized that I could simply generate an html table right in the python script. rank_hugo_themes.py runs in a cronjob every night, and you can view Hugo Themes Report here. And you can see the script on Github .","title":"Rewrite Hugo Themes Report In Python"},{"location":"posts/rewrite-hugo-themes-report-in-python/#ranking-hugo-themes-by-stars-commit-date","text":"A while back I was grazing the selfhosted subreddit, and noticed Hugo coming up in conversation. I recalled that hugo requires a third-party theme in order to function. But was a bit of a challenge, because how do you know what is a good Hugo theme?","title":"Ranking Hugo Themes by Stars, Commit Date"},{"location":"posts/rewrite-hugo-themes-report-in-python/#first-version-in-bash","text":"I ended up writing a little bash script (now deprecated) that scrapes the Github api and generates a little report about Hugo themes. It basically curled json from the Github api, and parsed it with grep, awk, and sed, and eventually spat out a plain text file.","title":"First Version in Bash"},{"location":"posts/rewrite-hugo-themes-report-in-python/#rewrite-in-python","text":"It was about a year later that I decided to rewrite the script in Python, using sqlite as a database. I discovered how to use the python requests module, got some practice with sqlite, and discovered how to make conditional request against the Github api using ETags and \u2018If-Modified-Since\u2019 (ETags are easier). But this was my first time using python like this. And I have to tell you, it\u2019s a lot moar fun than recursive fibonacci tutorials!","title":"Rewrite in Python"},{"location":"posts/rewrite-hugo-themes-report-in-python/#building-an-html5-table-bootstrap-actually","text":"By the time I had figured out how to collect the data I needed, I realized that I could simply generate an html table right in the python script. rank_hugo_themes.py runs in a cronjob every night, and you can view Hugo Themes Report here. And you can see the script on Github .","title":"Building an HTML5 Table (bootstrap, actually)"},{"location":"posts/sendxmpp-handler-for-python-logging/","text":"date: 2020-12-19 SENDXMPPHandler for Python Logging app/__init__.py You may be familiar with adding a logging handler to a flask application, with something like the following in __init__.py . app/sendxmpp_handler.py python-logging doesn't have a handler for xmpp but the handlers that are available are easy enough to understand if you read through them in handlers.py . Using the available handlers as an example, it did not require a lot of imagination to come up with SENDXMPPHandler. Android Yaxim Screenshot And this is what a flask logging error looks like on Android, in Yaxim.","title":"SENDXMPP Handler for Python Logging"},{"location":"posts/sendxmpp-handler-for-python-logging/#sendxmpphandler-for-python-logging","text":"","title":"SENDXMPPHandler for Python Logging"},{"location":"posts/sendxmpp-handler-for-python-logging/#app__init__py","text":"You may be familiar with adding a logging handler to a flask application, with something like the following in __init__.py .","title":"app/__init__.py"},{"location":"posts/sendxmpp-handler-for-python-logging/#appsendxmpp_handlerpy","text":"python-logging doesn't have a handler for xmpp but the handlers that are available are easy enough to understand if you read through them in handlers.py . Using the available handlers as an example, it did not require a lot of imagination to come up with SENDXMPPHandler.","title":"app/sendxmpp_handler.py"},{"location":"posts/sendxmpp-handler-for-python-logging/#android-yaxim-screenshot","text":"And this is what a flask logging error looks like on Android, in Yaxim.","title":"Android Yaxim Screenshot"},{"location":"posts/simplified-raspberry-streaming/","text":"date: 2019-05-12T18:32:55-07:00 RaspberryPi is a Great MPD Appliance I\u2019m really pleased with the RaspberryPi as an MPD (music player daemon), appliance. I have it hooked up to the home surround-sound system via spdif, digital optical cable hat, btw, running Arch Linux ARM , with the / file system on a dual-thumbdrive, btrfs raid1 (mirror) device . It plays music around the clock, reliably, without breaking a sweat. And the mpd daemon is easy to remote control, either from the command line with ncmpcpp , or using M.A.L.P for Android . And/Or as an Internet Radio Streaming Client The beauty of this setup it in the simplicity. All you have to do is create an plain text *m3u file with the address:port of the internet radio stream you want, and place that in /var/lib/mpd/playlists directory. You can find various internet radio lists on the internet, and many offer example *m3u playlist files that you can download. However, the important thing is that your m3u playlist file has to contain the exact streaming address, so if the m3u file you download points to a pls file, you may have to download that pls file to look for the streaming address.","title":"Simplified Raspberry Streaming"},{"location":"posts/simplified-raspberry-streaming/#raspberrypi-is-a-great-mpd-appliance","text":"I\u2019m really pleased with the RaspberryPi as an MPD (music player daemon), appliance. I have it hooked up to the home surround-sound system via spdif, digital optical cable hat, btw, running Arch Linux ARM , with the / file system on a dual-thumbdrive, btrfs raid1 (mirror) device . It plays music around the clock, reliably, without breaking a sweat. And the mpd daemon is easy to remote control, either from the command line with ncmpcpp , or using M.A.L.P for Android .","title":"RaspberryPi is a Great MPD Appliance"},{"location":"posts/simplified-raspberry-streaming/#andor-as-an-internet-radio-streaming-client","text":"The beauty of this setup it in the simplicity. All you have to do is create an plain text *m3u file with the address:port of the internet radio stream you want, and place that in /var/lib/mpd/playlists directory. You can find various internet radio lists on the internet, and many offer example *m3u playlist files that you can download. However, the important thing is that your m3u playlist file has to contain the exact streaming address, so if the m3u file you download points to a pls file, you may have to download that pls file to look for the streaming address.","title":"And/Or as an Internet Radio Streaming Client"},{"location":"posts/test-qr-svg-django/","text":"date: 2021-04-19 Introduction I worked out a solution in django-testing, for testing a view that renders a qrcode as an svg as an inline svg xml string. In case you are not familiar with svg , scalable vector graphics, it is an image that is completely rendered from a string of text, or more accurately XML text, unlike PNG or JPG , which are binary file s. Python Libraries Used BeautifulSoup to consume html CairoSVG to convert svg to png python-pillow to convert transparent png background to white opencv-python to extract data from qrcode python-pyotp Form ScreenShot This is the form we will be testing. In real life you would confirm that you want to use two-factor-authentication by scanning the qrcode with an authentication app on your smartphone, and then enter the time-based one-time password . totp codes are derived from two things and two things only. A secret key and a time such as the current time. For instance, an authentication application can tell you what your totp code is, but of course in this testing scenario we use python-pyotp , after extracting the secret key from the qrcode. enable totp confirmation form Import Python Libraries # tp/accounts/tests/test_enable_totp_view.py # python manage.py test accounts.tests.test_enable_totp_view from django.test import TestCase from django.contrib.auth.models import User from accounts.models import Account from django.urls import reverse from bs4 import BeautifulSoup import cv2 from cairosvg import svg2png from PIL import Image import pyotp import pathlib The Account model has a one-to-one relationship with the Django built-in User model. This is where we keep track of the totp secret key and boolean value for having totp authentication enabled. setUp TestCase ... import pathlib class TestEnableTOTPViewTestCase ( TestCase ): def setUp ( self ): user_a = User . objects . create ( username = 'user_a' ) user_a . set_password ( 'password_user_a' ) user_a . save () Account . objects . create ( user = user_a ) We create a test user and save that in the test database. GET Form class TestEnableTOTPViewTestCase ( TestCase ): ... def test_enable_totp_view ( self ): self . client . login ( username = 'user_a' , password = 'password_user_a' ) get_response = self . client . get ( reverse ( 'accounts:enable_totp' ) ) self . assertEquals ( get_response . status_code , 200 ) self . assertTemplateUsed ( get_response , 'accounts/totp_form.html' ) self . assertEquals ( get_response . request [ 'PATH_INFO' ], '/accounts/enable-totp/' ) The TestCase requires two requests. In the first request we GET the form so that we can consume the qrcode. Consume SVG with BeautifulSoup class TestEnableTOTPViewTestCase ( TestCase ): ... def test_enable_totp_view ( self ): ... soup = BeautifulSoup ( get_response . content , features = \"lxml\" ) svg_container = soup . find ( \"div\" , { \"id\" : \"svgcontainer\" } ) self . assertIsNotNone ( svg_container ) scsvg = svg_container . findChild ( \"svg\" , recursive = False ) self . assertIsNotNone ( scsvg ) with open ( 'qr.svg' , 'w' ) as f : x_string = \"<?xml version='1.0'\" x_string += \" encoding='utf-8'?> \\n \" f . write ( x_string + str ( scsvg )) The inline xml for the svg comes to us as a child of a div with an id of svgcontainer . We capture the xml of the svg in the variable scsvg , and then write it out to disc. svg2png class TestEnableTOTPViewTestCase ( TestCase ): ... def test_enable_totp_view ( self ): ... svg2png ( url = 'qr.svg' , write_to = 'qr.png' , scale = 8 ) With svg2png from CairoSVG, we convert the svg to png format. Opencv seems unable to consume the qrcode unless you scale it up. Add White Background class TestEnableTOTPViewTestCase ( TestCase ): ... def test_enable_totp_view ( self ): ... t_image = Image . open ( 'qr.png' ) t_image . load () background = Image . new ( \"RGB\" , t_image . size , ( 255 , 255 , 255 ) ) background . paste ( t_image , mask = t_image . split ()[ 3 ] ) background . save ( 'qr.jpg' , \"JPEG\" , quality = 100 ) We use Image from python-pillow to change the background from transparent to white. Opencv seems unable to consume the qrcode when it has a transparent background. Extract Data From QRCODE class TestEnableTOTPViewTestCase ( TestCase ): ... def test_enable_totp_view ( self ): ... image = cv2 . imread ( 'qr.jpg' ) qr_det = cv2 . QRCodeDetector () qrdata = qr_det . detectAndDecode ( image ) totp_code = pyotp . TOTP ( pyotp . parse_uri ( qrdata [ 0 ]) . secret ) . now () qrdata[0] will be the otpauth_uri . pyotp.parse_uri(qrdata[0]).secret is the secret key. totp_code is the one-time password. POST the totp_code class TestEnableTOTPViewTestCase ( TestCase ): ... def test_enable_totp_view ( self ): ... totp_code = pyotp . TOTP ( pyotp . parse_uri ( qrdata [ 0 ]) . secret ) . now () response = self . client . post ( reverse ( 'accounts:enable_totp' ), { 'totp_code' : totp_code }, follow = True ) self . assertEquals ( response . status_code , 200 ) self . assertTemplateUsed ( response , 'base_form.html' ) self . assertEquals ( response . request [ 'PATH_INFO' ], '/accounts/edit-profile/' ) user_a = User . objects . get ( username = 'user_a' ) self . assertTrue ( user_a . account . use_totp ) self . assertEquals ( len ( user_a . account . totp_key ), 16 ) pathlib . Path ( 'qr.svg' ) . unlink () pathlib . Path ( 'qr.png' ) . unlink () pathlib . Path ( 'qr.jpg' ) . unlink () Post the totp_code back to the form, and then verify that the database is updated, and then delete the image files. Complete TestCase # tp/accounts/tests/test_enable_totp_view.py # python manage.py test accounts.tests.test_enable_totp_view from django.test import TestCase from django.contrib.auth.models import User from accounts.models import Account from django.urls import reverse from bs4 import BeautifulSoup import cv2 from cairosvg import svg2png from PIL import Image import pyotp class TestEnableTOTPViewTestCase ( TestCase ): # setUP TestCase def setUp ( self ): user_a = User . objects . create ( username = 'user_a' ) user_a . set_password ( 'password_user_a' ) user_a . save () Account . objects . create ( user = user_a ) def test_enable_totp_view ( self ): self . client . login ( username = 'user_a' , password = 'password_user_a' ) # GET Form get_response = self . client . get ( reverse ( 'accounts:enable_totp' ) ) self . assertEquals ( get_response . status_code , 200 ) self . assertTemplateUsed ( get_response , 'accounts/totp_form.html' ) self . assertEquals ( get_response . request [ 'PATH_INFO' ], '/accounts/enable-totp/' ) # Consume SVG with BeautifulSoup soup = BeautifulSoup ( get_response . content , features = \"lxml\" ) svg_container = soup . find ( \"div\" , { \"id\" : \"svgcontainer\" } ) self . assertIsNotNone ( svg_container ) scsvg = svg_container . findChild ( \"svg\" , recursive = False ) self . assertIsNotNone ( scsvg ) with open ( 'qr.svg' , 'w' ) as f : x_string = \"<?xml version='1.0'\" x_string += \" encoding='utf-8'?> \\n \" f . write ( x_string + str ( scsvg )) # svg2png svg2png ( url = 'qr.svg' , write_to = 'qr.png' , scale = 8 ) # add white background t_image = Image . open ( 'qr.png' ) t_image . load () background = Image . new ( \"RGB\" , t_image . size , ( 255 , 255 , 255 ) ) background . paste ( t_image , mask = t_image . split ()[ 3 ] ) background . save ( 'qr.jpg' , \"JPEG\" , quality = 100 ) # extract data from qrcode image = cv2 . imread ( 'qr.jpg' ) qr_det = cv2 . QRCodeDetector () qrdata = qr_det . detectAndDecode ( image ) totp_code = pyotp . TOTP ( pyotp . parse_uri ( qrdata [ 0 ]) . secret ) . now () totp_code = pyotp . TOTP ( pyotp . parse_uri ( qrdata [ 0 ]) . secret ) . now () # POST the `totp_code` response = self . client . post ( reverse ( 'accounts:enable_totp' ), { 'totp_code' : totp_code }, follow = True ) self . assertEquals ( response . status_code , 200 ) self . assertTemplateUsed ( response , 'base_form.html' ) self . assertEquals ( response . request [ 'PATH_INFO' ], '/accounts/edit-profile/' ) user_a = User . objects . get ( username = 'user_a' ) self . assertTrue ( user_a . account . use_totp ) self . assertEquals ( len ( user_a . account . totp_key ), 16 ) pathlib . Path ( 'qr.svg' ) . unlink () pathlib . Path ( 'qr.png' ) . unlink () pathlib . Path ( 'qr.jpg' ) . unlink ()","title":"Test QR SVG Django"},{"location":"posts/test-qr-svg-django/#introduction","text":"I worked out a solution in django-testing, for testing a view that renders a qrcode as an svg as an inline svg xml string. In case you are not familiar with svg , scalable vector graphics, it is an image that is completely rendered from a string of text, or more accurately XML text, unlike PNG or JPG , which are binary file s.","title":"Introduction"},{"location":"posts/test-qr-svg-django/#python-libraries-used","text":"BeautifulSoup to consume html CairoSVG to convert svg to png python-pillow to convert transparent png background to white opencv-python to extract data from qrcode python-pyotp","title":"Python Libraries Used"},{"location":"posts/test-qr-svg-django/#form-screenshot","text":"This is the form we will be testing. In real life you would confirm that you want to use two-factor-authentication by scanning the qrcode with an authentication app on your smartphone, and then enter the time-based one-time password . totp codes are derived from two things and two things only. A secret key and a time such as the current time. For instance, an authentication application can tell you what your totp code is, but of course in this testing scenario we use python-pyotp , after extracting the secret key from the qrcode. enable totp confirmation form","title":"Form ScreenShot"},{"location":"posts/test-qr-svg-django/#import-python-libraries","text":"# tp/accounts/tests/test_enable_totp_view.py # python manage.py test accounts.tests.test_enable_totp_view from django.test import TestCase from django.contrib.auth.models import User from accounts.models import Account from django.urls import reverse from bs4 import BeautifulSoup import cv2 from cairosvg import svg2png from PIL import Image import pyotp import pathlib The Account model has a one-to-one relationship with the Django built-in User model. This is where we keep track of the totp secret key and boolean value for having totp authentication enabled.","title":"Import Python Libraries"},{"location":"posts/test-qr-svg-django/#setup-testcase","text":"... import pathlib class TestEnableTOTPViewTestCase ( TestCase ): def setUp ( self ): user_a = User . objects . create ( username = 'user_a' ) user_a . set_password ( 'password_user_a' ) user_a . save () Account . objects . create ( user = user_a ) We create a test user and save that in the test database.","title":"setUp TestCase"},{"location":"posts/test-qr-svg-django/#get-form","text":"class TestEnableTOTPViewTestCase ( TestCase ): ... def test_enable_totp_view ( self ): self . client . login ( username = 'user_a' , password = 'password_user_a' ) get_response = self . client . get ( reverse ( 'accounts:enable_totp' ) ) self . assertEquals ( get_response . status_code , 200 ) self . assertTemplateUsed ( get_response , 'accounts/totp_form.html' ) self . assertEquals ( get_response . request [ 'PATH_INFO' ], '/accounts/enable-totp/' ) The TestCase requires two requests. In the first request we GET the form so that we can consume the qrcode.","title":"GET Form"},{"location":"posts/test-qr-svg-django/#consume-svg-with-beautifulsoup","text":"class TestEnableTOTPViewTestCase ( TestCase ): ... def test_enable_totp_view ( self ): ... soup = BeautifulSoup ( get_response . content , features = \"lxml\" ) svg_container = soup . find ( \"div\" , { \"id\" : \"svgcontainer\" } ) self . assertIsNotNone ( svg_container ) scsvg = svg_container . findChild ( \"svg\" , recursive = False ) self . assertIsNotNone ( scsvg ) with open ( 'qr.svg' , 'w' ) as f : x_string = \"<?xml version='1.0'\" x_string += \" encoding='utf-8'?> \\n \" f . write ( x_string + str ( scsvg )) The inline xml for the svg comes to us as a child of a div with an id of svgcontainer . We capture the xml of the svg in the variable scsvg , and then write it out to disc.","title":"Consume SVG with BeautifulSoup"},{"location":"posts/test-qr-svg-django/#svg2png","text":"class TestEnableTOTPViewTestCase ( TestCase ): ... def test_enable_totp_view ( self ): ... svg2png ( url = 'qr.svg' , write_to = 'qr.png' , scale = 8 ) With svg2png from CairoSVG, we convert the svg to png format. Opencv seems unable to consume the qrcode unless you scale it up.","title":"svg2png"},{"location":"posts/test-qr-svg-django/#add-white-background","text":"class TestEnableTOTPViewTestCase ( TestCase ): ... def test_enable_totp_view ( self ): ... t_image = Image . open ( 'qr.png' ) t_image . load () background = Image . new ( \"RGB\" , t_image . size , ( 255 , 255 , 255 ) ) background . paste ( t_image , mask = t_image . split ()[ 3 ] ) background . save ( 'qr.jpg' , \"JPEG\" , quality = 100 ) We use Image from python-pillow to change the background from transparent to white. Opencv seems unable to consume the qrcode when it has a transparent background.","title":"Add White Background"},{"location":"posts/test-qr-svg-django/#extract-data-from-qrcode","text":"class TestEnableTOTPViewTestCase ( TestCase ): ... def test_enable_totp_view ( self ): ... image = cv2 . imread ( 'qr.jpg' ) qr_det = cv2 . QRCodeDetector () qrdata = qr_det . detectAndDecode ( image ) totp_code = pyotp . TOTP ( pyotp . parse_uri ( qrdata [ 0 ]) . secret ) . now () qrdata[0] will be the otpauth_uri . pyotp.parse_uri(qrdata[0]).secret is the secret key. totp_code is the one-time password.","title":"Extract Data From QRCODE"},{"location":"posts/test-qr-svg-django/#post-the-totp_code","text":"class TestEnableTOTPViewTestCase ( TestCase ): ... def test_enable_totp_view ( self ): ... totp_code = pyotp . TOTP ( pyotp . parse_uri ( qrdata [ 0 ]) . secret ) . now () response = self . client . post ( reverse ( 'accounts:enable_totp' ), { 'totp_code' : totp_code }, follow = True ) self . assertEquals ( response . status_code , 200 ) self . assertTemplateUsed ( response , 'base_form.html' ) self . assertEquals ( response . request [ 'PATH_INFO' ], '/accounts/edit-profile/' ) user_a = User . objects . get ( username = 'user_a' ) self . assertTrue ( user_a . account . use_totp ) self . assertEquals ( len ( user_a . account . totp_key ), 16 ) pathlib . Path ( 'qr.svg' ) . unlink () pathlib . Path ( 'qr.png' ) . unlink () pathlib . Path ( 'qr.jpg' ) . unlink () Post the totp_code back to the form, and then verify that the database is updated, and then delete the image files.","title":"POST the totp_code"},{"location":"posts/test-qr-svg-django/#complete-testcase","text":"# tp/accounts/tests/test_enable_totp_view.py # python manage.py test accounts.tests.test_enable_totp_view from django.test import TestCase from django.contrib.auth.models import User from accounts.models import Account from django.urls import reverse from bs4 import BeautifulSoup import cv2 from cairosvg import svg2png from PIL import Image import pyotp class TestEnableTOTPViewTestCase ( TestCase ): # setUP TestCase def setUp ( self ): user_a = User . objects . create ( username = 'user_a' ) user_a . set_password ( 'password_user_a' ) user_a . save () Account . objects . create ( user = user_a ) def test_enable_totp_view ( self ): self . client . login ( username = 'user_a' , password = 'password_user_a' ) # GET Form get_response = self . client . get ( reverse ( 'accounts:enable_totp' ) ) self . assertEquals ( get_response . status_code , 200 ) self . assertTemplateUsed ( get_response , 'accounts/totp_form.html' ) self . assertEquals ( get_response . request [ 'PATH_INFO' ], '/accounts/enable-totp/' ) # Consume SVG with BeautifulSoup soup = BeautifulSoup ( get_response . content , features = \"lxml\" ) svg_container = soup . find ( \"div\" , { \"id\" : \"svgcontainer\" } ) self . assertIsNotNone ( svg_container ) scsvg = svg_container . findChild ( \"svg\" , recursive = False ) self . assertIsNotNone ( scsvg ) with open ( 'qr.svg' , 'w' ) as f : x_string = \"<?xml version='1.0'\" x_string += \" encoding='utf-8'?> \\n \" f . write ( x_string + str ( scsvg )) # svg2png svg2png ( url = 'qr.svg' , write_to = 'qr.png' , scale = 8 ) # add white background t_image = Image . open ( 'qr.png' ) t_image . load () background = Image . new ( \"RGB\" , t_image . size , ( 255 , 255 , 255 ) ) background . paste ( t_image , mask = t_image . split ()[ 3 ] ) background . save ( 'qr.jpg' , \"JPEG\" , quality = 100 ) # extract data from qrcode image = cv2 . imread ( 'qr.jpg' ) qr_det = cv2 . QRCodeDetector () qrdata = qr_det . detectAndDecode ( image ) totp_code = pyotp . TOTP ( pyotp . parse_uri ( qrdata [ 0 ]) . secret ) . now () totp_code = pyotp . TOTP ( pyotp . parse_uri ( qrdata [ 0 ]) . secret ) . now () # POST the `totp_code` response = self . client . post ( reverse ( 'accounts:enable_totp' ), { 'totp_code' : totp_code }, follow = True ) self . assertEquals ( response . status_code , 200 ) self . assertTemplateUsed ( response , 'base_form.html' ) self . assertEquals ( response . request [ 'PATH_INFO' ], '/accounts/edit-profile/' ) user_a = User . objects . get ( username = 'user_a' ) self . assertTrue ( user_a . account . use_totp ) self . assertEquals ( len ( user_a . account . totp_key ), 16 ) pathlib . Path ( 'qr.svg' ) . unlink () pathlib . Path ( 'qr.png' ) . unlink () pathlib . Path ( 'qr.jpg' ) . unlink ()","title":"Complete TestCase"},{"location":"posts/trents-favorite-podcasts/","text":"date: 2021-07-23 Introduction Someone asked me 10 years ago what are my favorite podcasts, so here you go. Note that a lot of podcasts tend to improve over time as the hosts become more skilled at production. Now you see why road trips with me are so much fun! To subscribe to any podcast, simply paste the rss link in to any podcast client application. My preference on Android is AntennaPod , but there are many others to choose from. Categories RSS Feeds , Alphabetical , Android , Chaos , Czechia , Dart , Development , Django , Entertaining , Engineering , Europe , Feudalism , Germany , Greece , History , HomeLab , IOT , Java , Javascript , Kotlin , Linux , linuxMint , MiddleAges , OpenSource , Politics , Python , React , Reformation , Slackware , SBCs , SysAdmin , Travel , Tutorial , Ubuntu , Web Alphabetical 2.5 Admins Host Joe Ressington is a podcast production savant. Jim Salter is a SysAdmin and tech journalist and a developer of ZFS utilities. Allan Jude is a FreeBSD developer who operates a video streaming service called Scale Engine . 2.5 Admins RSS Ask Noah Show Ask Noah Show is a Radio Callin Show about Linux and Open Source. Host Noah Chelliah operates AltiSpeed , an IT company in Fargo. Ask Noah Show RSS Bohemican Podcast Bohemican Podcast is a podcast about the history of Bohemia and Moravia including travel tips. Hosts Travis Dow and Pete Coleman are Americans living and working in Prague. Bohemican RSS Coder Radio Coder Radio features Mike Dominick . Coder Radio RSS Destination Linux Destination Linux is a round-table podcast about Linux. Destination Linux RSS Django Chat Django Chat is a two-man team podcast about the development and community of Django , which is an opinionated and structured python web-application framework. Django Chat RSS Django Riffs Django Riffs is an instructional, tutorial podcast about Django , which is an opinionated and structured python web-application framework. Django Riffs RSS Engines Of Our Ingenuity Engines Of Our Ingenuity is a short daily podcast about engineering and culture. Engines Of Our Ingenuity FLOSS Weekly FLOSS Weekly is a podcast about free, libre, open-source software. FLOSS Weekly RSS GNU World Order GNU World Order is a podcast about Linux, especially Slackware. GNU World Order RSS HardCore History HardCore History is an exciting and entertaining history podcast, mostly focusing on war. HardCore History RSS History Of Germany Unfortunately, the History Of Germany podcast, hosted by Travis Dow, suffers from sputtery repitition, um you know sputtery repitition, circular explanations, so like circular explanations, and some minor valley talk and vocal fry issues, so um like yeah. But the subject target is rich, exhaustive, and comprehensive, and covers the history of both Germany and Germanic peoples and tribes beginning with the Neanderthals. History Of Germany RSS In Our Time: History In Our Time: History is a lively and argumentative history conversation betwixt a revolving round-table of academic historians. In Our Time: History RSS It's All Widgets Flutter Podcast It's All Widgets Flutter Podcast is a podcast about Flutter . It's All Widgets Flutter Podcast RSS Late Night Linux Late Night Linux is a round-table podcast of exquisite production value, about Linux. Late Night Linux RSS Linux Action News Linux Action News is a weekly podcast of Linux News. Linux Action News RSS Linux InLaws Linux InLaws ist ein bier-sodden Podcast \u00fcber Linux. Linux InLaws RSS Linux Unplugged Linux Unplugged is a podcast about Linux with live audience participation via mumble. Linux Unplugged RSS MiniPC MiniPC is a round-table podcast about SBC computers, such as the RaspberryPI, as well as IOT. MiniPC RSS MintCast MintCast is a long-running round-table podcast by the Linux Mint community for all users of Linux. MintCast RSS No Agenda No Agenda Host Adam Curry is a former MTV Personality from the 80s, and consequently the podcast has a very high production value. Host John C Dvorak is a tech journalist. No Agenda RSS Open Source Voices Open Source Voices is an interview podcast featuring open-source personalities, hosted by J.T. Pennington Open Source Voices Python Bytes Python Bytes is a podcast about Python. Python Bytes RSS React Podcast React Podcast is a podcast about javascript web development with react . React Podcast RSS Scholars & Sense Host Victor Davis Hanson is a Classicist and Historian. Scholars & Sense RSS Self-Hosted Self-Hosted is a podcast about self-hosting, homelabs, and IOT. Self-Hosted RSS Sunday Morning Linux Review Sunday Morning Linux Review is an occassional round-table podcast about Linux. Sunday Morning Linux Review RSS Syntax Syntax is a podcast about web development. Syntax RSS Talk Python To Me Talk Python To Me is a podcast about python. Talk Python To Me RSS Talking Kotlin Talking Kotlin is a podcast about the Kotlin Programming Language , which is the default programming language for Android Applications. Both kotlin and the podcast are created by JetBrains , which is a company that creates and sells professional IDE's, from which Android Studio is derived. Talking Kotlin RSS The History Of Ancient Greece Unfortunately, The History Of Ancient Greece lacks expressiveness and poetic phrasing. Your Bible-reading Grandpa's lyrical, King's-English word-smithing this is not. However, the abundance of content is thorough and exhaustive. The History Of Ancient Greece RSS The Matt Freire Show The Matt Freire Show is an occassional interview podcast about development. The Matt Freire Show RSS The Mike Dominick Show The Mike Dominick Show is an occassional interview podcast about development. The Mike Dominick Show RSS Ubuntu Podcast Ubuntu Podcast is a podcast about Linux and Ubuntu , hosted by a round-table of current and former Ubuntu users and employees. Ubuntu Podcast RSS Wittenberg To Westphalia Wittenberg To Westphalia is nominally a podcast about the Wars of the Reformation , Wittenberg being the city where Martin Luther began the Protestant Reformation in 1517, and Westphalia being where the end of the 30-Years-War was negotiated in 1648. But in reality this podcast exhaustively covers European History from the Fall of The Roman Empire onward, with much prologue and tangent. This is a really awesome podcast. Wittenberg To Westphalia RSS You're Dead To Me You're Dead To Me , is a fun and serious history and humour podcast featuring a different academic historian, and a different professional comic personality each episode. You're Dead To Me RSS Categories Android It's All Widgets Flutter Podcast It's All Widgets Flutter Podcast is a podcast about Flutter . It's All Widgets Flutter Podcast RSS Talking Kotlin Talking Kotlin is a podcast about the Kotlin Programming Language , which is the default programming language for Android Applications. Both kotlin and the podcast are created by JetBrains , which is a company that creates and sells professional IDE's, from which Android Studio is derived. Talking Kotlin RSS Categories Chaos Wittenberg To Westphalia Wittenberg To Westphalia is nominally a podcast about the Wars of the Reformation , Wittenberg being the city where Martin Luther began the Protestant Reformation in 1517, and Westphalia being where the end of the 30-Years-War was negotiated in 1648. But in reality this podcast exhaustively covers European History from the Fall of The Roman Empire onward, with much prologue and tangent. This is a really awesome podcast. Wittenberg To Westphalia RSS Categories Czechia Bohemican Podcast Bohemican Podcast is a podcast about the history of Bohemia and Moravia including travel tips. Hosts Travis Dow and Pete Coleman are Americans living and working in Prague. Bohemican RSS Categories Dart It's All Widgets Flutter Podcast It's All Widgets Flutter Podcast is a podcast about Flutter . It's All Widgets Flutter Podcast RSS Categories Development Coder Radio Coder Radio features Mike Dominick . Coder Radio RSS Django Chat Django Chat is a two-man team podcast about the development and community of Django , which is an opinionated and structured python web-application framework. Django Chat RSS Django Riffs Django Riffs is an instructional, tutorial podcast about Django , which is an opinionated and structured python web-application framework. Django Riffs RSS It's All Widgets Flutter Podcast It's All Widgets Flutter Podcast is a podcast about Flutter . It's All Widgets Flutter Podcast RSS Python Bytes Python Bytes is a podcast about Python. Python Bytes RSS React Podcast React Podcast is a podcast about javascript web development with react . React Podcast RSS Syntax Syntax is a podcast about web development. Syntax RSS Talk Python To Me Talk Python To Me is a podcast about python. Talk Python To Me RSS Talking Kotlin Talking Kotlin is a podcast about the Kotlin Programming Language , which is the default programming language for Android Applications. Both kotlin and the podcast are created by JetBrains , which is a company that creates and sells professional IDE's, from which Android Studio is derived. Talking Kotlin RSS The Matt Freire Show The Matt Freire Show is an occassional interview podcast about development. The Matt Freire Show RSS The Mike Dominick Show The Mike Dominick Show is an occassional interview podcast about development. The Mike Dominick Show RSS Categories Django Django Chat Django Chat is a two-man team podcast about the development and community of Django , which is an opinionated and structured python web-application framework. Django Chat RSS Django Riffs Django Riffs is an instructional, tutorial podcast about Django , which is an opinionated and structured python web-application framework. Django Riffs RSS Categories Entertaining HardCore History HardCore History is an exciting and entertaining history podcast, mostly focusing on war. HardCore History RSS No Agenda No Agenda Host Adam Curry is a former MTV Personality from the 80s, and consequently the podcast has a very high production value. Host John C Dvorak is a tech journalist. No Agenda RSS You're Dead To Me You're Dead To Me , is a fun and serious history and humour podcast featuring a different academic historian, and a different professional comic personality each episode. You're Dead To Me RSS Categories Engineering Engines Of Our Ingenuity Engines Of Our Ingenuity is a short daily podcast about engineering and culture. Engines Of Our Ingenuity Categories Europe Wittenberg To Westphalia Wittenberg To Westphalia is nominally a podcast about the Wars of the Reformation , Wittenberg being the city where Martin Luther began the Protestant Reformation in 1517, and Westphalia being where the end of the 30-Years-War was negotiated in 1648. But in reality this podcast exhaustively covers European History from the Fall of The Roman Empire onward, with much prologue and tangent. This is a really awesome podcast. Wittenberg To Westphalia RSS Categories Feudalism Wittenberg To Westphalia Wittenberg To Westphalia is nominally a podcast about the Wars of the Reformation , Wittenberg being the city where Martin Luther began the Protestant Reformation in 1517, and Westphalia being where the end of the 30-Years-War was negotiated in 1648. But in reality this podcast exhaustively covers European History from the Fall of The Roman Empire onward, with much prologue and tangent. This is a really awesome podcast. Wittenberg To Westphalia RSS Categories Germany History Of Germany Unfortunately, the History Of Germany podcast, hosted by Travis Dow, suffers from sputtery repitition, um you know sputtery repitition, circular explanations, so like circular explanations, and some minor valley talk and vocal fry issues, so um like yeah. But the subject target is rich, exhaustive, and comprehensive, and covers the history of both Germany and Germanic peoples and tribes beginning with the Neanderthals. History Of Germany RSS Wittenberg To Westphalia Wittenberg To Westphalia is nominally a podcast about the Wars of the Reformation , Wittenberg being the city where Martin Luther began the Protestant Reformation in 1517, and Westphalia being where the end of the 30-Years-War was negotiated in 1648. But in reality this podcast exhaustively covers European History from the Fall of The Roman Empire onward, with much prologue and tangent. This is a really awesome podcast. Wittenberg To Westphalia RSS Categories Greece The History Of Ancient Greece Unfortunately, The History Of Ancient Greece lacks expressiveness and poetic phrasing. Your Bible-reading Grandpa's lyrical, King's-English word-smithing this is not. However, the abundance of content is thorough and exhaustive. The History Of Ancient Greece RSS Categories History Bohemican Podcast Bohemican Podcast is a podcast about the history of Bohemia and Moravia including travel tips. Hosts Travis Dow and Pete Coleman are Americans living and working in Prague. Bohemican RSS HardCore History HardCore History is an exciting and entertaining history podcast, mostly focusing on war. HardCore History RSS History Of Germany Unfortunately, the History Of Germany podcast, hosted by Travis Dow, suffers from sputtery repitition, um you know sputtery repitition, circular explanations, so like circular explanations, and some minor valley talk and vocal fry issues, so um like yeah. But the subject target is rich, exhaustive, and comprehensive, and covers the history of both Germany and Germanic peoples and tribes beginning with the Neanderthals. History Of Germany RSS In Our Time: History In Our Time: History is a lively and argumentative history conversation betwixt a revolving round-table of academic historians. In Our Time: History RSS The History Of Ancient Greece Unfortunately, The History Of Ancient Greece lacks expressiveness and poetic phrasing. Your Bible-reading Grandpa's lyrical, King's-English word-smithing this is not. However, the abundance of content is thorough and exhaustive. The History Of Ancient Greece RSS Wittenberg To Westphalia Wittenberg To Westphalia is nominally a podcast about the Wars of the Reformation , Wittenberg being the city where Martin Luther began the Protestant Reformation in 1517, and Westphalia being where the end of the 30-Years-War was negotiated in 1648. But in reality this podcast exhaustively covers European History from the Fall of The Roman Empire onward, with much prologue and tangent. This is a really awesome podcast. Wittenberg To Westphalia RSS You're Dead To Me You're Dead To Me , is a fun and serious history and humour podcast featuring a different academic historian, and a different professional comic personality each episode. You're Dead To Me RSS Categories Home Lab Self-Hosted Self-Hosted is a podcast about self-hosting, homelabs, and IOT. Self-Hosted RSS Categories Internet of Things MiniPC MiniPC is a round-table podcast about SBC computers, such as the RaspberryPI, as well as IOT. MiniPC RSS Self-Hosted Self-Hosted is a podcast about self-hosting, homelabs, and IOT. Self-Hosted RSS Self-Hosted Self-Hosted is a podcast about self-hosting, homelabs, and IOT. Self-Hosted RSS Categories Java Talking Kotlin Talking Kotlin is a podcast about the Kotlin Programming Language , which is the default programming language for Android Applications. Both kotlin and the podcast are created by JetBrains , which is a company that creates and sells professional IDE's, from which Android Studio is derived. Talking Kotlin RSS Categories Javascript React Podcast React Podcast is a podcast about javascript web development with react . React Podcast RSS Syntax Syntax is a podcast about web development. Syntax RSS Categories Kotlin Talking Kotlin Talking Kotlin is a podcast about the Kotlin Programming Language , which is the default programming language for Android Applications. Both kotlin and the podcast are created by JetBrains , which is a company that creates and sells professional IDE's, from which Android Studio is derived. Talking Kotlin RSS Categories Linux Ask Noah Show Ask Noah Show is a Radio Callin Show about Linux and Open Source. Host Noah Chelliah operates AltiSpeed , an IT company in Fargo. Ask Noah Show RSS Destination Linux Destination Linux is a round-table podcast about Linux. Destination Linux RSS GNU World Order GNU World Order is a podcast about Linux, especially Slackware. GNU World Order RSS Late Night Linux Late Night Linux is a round-table podcast of exquisite production value, about Linux. Late Night Linux RSS Linux Action News Linux Action News is a weekly podcast of Linux News. Linux Action News RSS Linux InLaws Linux InLaws ist ein bier-sodden Podcast \u00fcber Linux. Linux InLaws RSS Linux Unplugged Linux Unplugged is a podcast about Linux with live audience participation via mumble. Linux Unplugged RSS MiniPC MiniPC is a round-table podcast about SBC computers, such as the RaspberryPI, as well as IOT. MiniPC RSS MintCast MintCast is a long-running round-table podcast by the Linux Mint community for all users of Linux. MintCast RSS Self-Hosted Self-Hosted is a podcast about self-hosting, homelabs, and IOT. Self-Hosted RSS Sunday Morning Linux Review Sunday Morning Linux Review is an occassional round-table podcast about Linux. Sunday Morning Linux Review RSS Ubuntu Podcast Ubuntu Podcast is a podcast about Linux and Ubuntu , hosted by a round-table of current and former Ubuntu users and employees. Ubuntu Podcast RSS Categories Linux Mint MintCast MintCast is a long-running round-table podcast by the Linux Mint community for all users of Linux. MintCast RSS Categories Middle Ages Wittenberg To Westphalia Wittenberg To Westphalia is nominally a podcast about the Wars of the Reformation , Wittenberg being the city where Martin Luther began the Protestant Reformation in 1517, and Westphalia being where the end of the 30-Years-War was negotiated in 1648. But in reality this podcast exhaustively covers European History from the Fall of The Roman Empire onward, with much prologue and tangent. This is a really awesome podcast. Wittenberg To Westphalia RSS Categories Open Source Ask Noah Show Ask Noah Show is a Radio Callin Show about Linux and Open Source. Host Noah Chelliah operates AltiSpeed , an IT company in Fargo. Ask Noah Show RSS FLOSS Weekly FLOSS Weekly is a podcast about free, libre, open-source software. FLOSS Weekly RSS MiniPC MiniPC is a round-table podcast about SBC computers, such as the RaspberryPI, as well as IOT. MiniPC RSS Open Source Voices Open Source Voices is an interview podcast featuring open-source personalities, hosted by J.T. Pennington Open Source Voices Categories Politics No Agenda No Agenda Host Adam Curry is a former MTV Personality from the 80s, and consequently the podcast has a very high production value. Host John C Dvorak is a tech journalist. No Agenda RSS Scholars & Sense Host Victor Davis Hanson is a Classicist and Historian. Scholars & Sense RSS Categories Python Django Chat Django Chat is a two-man team podcast about the development and community of Django , which is an opinionated and structured python web-application framework. Django Chat RSS Django Riffs Django Riffs is an instructional, tutorial podcast about Django , which is an opinionated and structured python web-application framework. Django Riffs RSS Python Bytes Python Bytes is a podcast about Python. Python Bytes RSS Talk Python To Me Talk Python To Me is a podcast about python. Talk Python To Me RSS Categories React React Podcast React Podcast is a podcast about javascript web development with react . React Podcast RSS Categories Reformation Wittenberg To Westphalia Wittenberg To Westphalia is nominally a podcast about the Wars of the Reformation , Wittenberg being the city where Martin Luther began the Protestant Reformation in 1517, and Westphalia being where the end of the 30-Years-War was negotiated in 1648. But in reality this podcast exhaustively covers European History from the Fall of The Roman Empire onward, with much prologue and tangent. This is a really awesome podcast. Wittenberg To Westphalia RSS Categories Slackware GNU World Order GNU World Order is a podcast about Linux, especially Slackware. GNU World Order RSS Categories Small Board Computers MiniPC MiniPC is a round-table podcast about SBC computers, such as the RaspberryPI, as well as IOT. MiniPC RSS Categories SysAdmin 2.5 Admins Host Joe Ressington is a podcast production savant. Jim Salter is a SysAdmin and tech journalist and a developer of ZFS utilities. Allan Jude is a FreeBSD developer who operates a video streaming service called Scale Engine . 2.5 Admins RSS Ask Noah Show Ask Noah Show is a Radio Callin Show about Linux and Open Source. Host Noah Chelliah operates AltiSpeed , an IT company in Fargo. Ask Noah Show RSS Categories Travel Bohemican Podcast Bohemican Podcast is a podcast about the history of Bohemia and Moravia including travel tips. Hosts Travis Dow and Pete Coleman are Americans living and working in Prague. Bohemican RSS Categories Tutorial Django Riffs Django Riffs is an instructional, tutorial podcast about Django , which is an opinionated and structured python web-application framework. Django Riffs RSS Categories Ubuntu Ubuntu Podcast Ubuntu Podcast is a podcast about Linux and Ubuntu , hosted by a round-table of current and former Ubuntu users and employees. Ubuntu Podcast RSS Categories Web Django Chat Django Chat is a two-man team podcast about the development and community of Django , which is an opinionated and structured python web-application framework. Django Chat RSS It's All Widgets Flutter Podcast It's All Widgets Flutter Podcast is a podcast about Flutter . It's All Widgets Flutter Podcast RSS React Podcast React Podcast is a podcast about javascript web development with react . React Podcast RSS Syntax Syntax is a podcast about web development. Syntax RSS Categories RSS Feeds 2.5 Admins RSS Ask Noah Show RSS Bohemican RSS Coder Radio RSS Destination Linux RSS Django Chat RSS Django Riffs RSS Engines Of Our Ingenuity FLOSS Weekly RSS GNU World Order RSS HardCore History RSS History Of Germany RSS In Our Time: History RSS It's All Widgets Flutter Podcast RSS Late Night Linux RSS Linux Action News RSS Linux InLaws RSS Linux Unplugged RSS MiniPC RSS MintCast RSS No Agenda RSS Open Source Voices Python Bytes RSS React Podcast RSS Scholars & Sense RSS Self-Hosted RSS Sunday Morning Linux Review RSS Syntax RSS Talk Python To Me RSS Talking Kotlin RSS The History Of Ancient Greece RSS The Matt Freire Show RSS The Mike Dominick Show RSS Ubuntu Podcast RSS Wittenberg To Westphalia RSS You're Dead To Me RSS Categories","title":"Trent's Favorite Podcasts"},{"location":"posts/trents-favorite-podcasts/#introduction","text":"Someone asked me 10 years ago what are my favorite podcasts, so here you go. Note that a lot of podcasts tend to improve over time as the hosts become more skilled at production. Now you see why road trips with me are so much fun! To subscribe to any podcast, simply paste the rss link in to any podcast client application. My preference on Android is AntennaPod , but there are many others to choose from.","title":"Introduction"},{"location":"posts/trents-favorite-podcasts/#categories","text":"RSS Feeds , Alphabetical , Android , Chaos , Czechia , Dart , Development , Django , Entertaining , Engineering , Europe , Feudalism , Germany , Greece , History , HomeLab , IOT , Java , Javascript , Kotlin , Linux , linuxMint , MiddleAges , OpenSource , Politics , Python , React , Reformation , Slackware , SBCs , SysAdmin , Travel , Tutorial , Ubuntu , Web","title":"Categories"},{"location":"posts/trents-favorite-podcasts/#alphabetical","text":"","title":"Alphabetical"},{"location":"posts/trents-favorite-podcasts/#25-admins","text":"Host Joe Ressington is a podcast production savant. Jim Salter is a SysAdmin and tech journalist and a developer of ZFS utilities. Allan Jude is a FreeBSD developer who operates a video streaming service called Scale Engine . 2.5 Admins RSS","title":"2.5 Admins"},{"location":"posts/trents-favorite-podcasts/#ask-noah-show","text":"Ask Noah Show is a Radio Callin Show about Linux and Open Source. Host Noah Chelliah operates AltiSpeed , an IT company in Fargo. Ask Noah Show RSS","title":"Ask Noah Show"},{"location":"posts/trents-favorite-podcasts/#bohemican-podcast","text":"Bohemican Podcast is a podcast about the history of Bohemia and Moravia including travel tips. Hosts Travis Dow and Pete Coleman are Americans living and working in Prague. Bohemican RSS","title":"Bohemican Podcast"},{"location":"posts/trents-favorite-podcasts/#coder-radio","text":"Coder Radio features Mike Dominick . Coder Radio RSS","title":"Coder Radio"},{"location":"posts/trents-favorite-podcasts/#destination-linux","text":"Destination Linux is a round-table podcast about Linux. Destination Linux RSS","title":"Destination Linux"},{"location":"posts/trents-favorite-podcasts/#django-chat","text":"Django Chat is a two-man team podcast about the development and community of Django , which is an opinionated and structured python web-application framework. Django Chat RSS","title":"Django Chat"},{"location":"posts/trents-favorite-podcasts/#django-riffs","text":"Django Riffs is an instructional, tutorial podcast about Django , which is an opinionated and structured python web-application framework. Django Riffs RSS","title":"Django Riffs"},{"location":"posts/trents-favorite-podcasts/#engines-of-our-ingenuity","text":"Engines Of Our Ingenuity is a short daily podcast about engineering and culture. Engines Of Our Ingenuity","title":"Engines Of Our Ingenuity"},{"location":"posts/trents-favorite-podcasts/#floss-weekly","text":"FLOSS Weekly is a podcast about free, libre, open-source software. FLOSS Weekly RSS","title":"FLOSS Weekly"},{"location":"posts/trents-favorite-podcasts/#gnu-world-order","text":"GNU World Order is a podcast about Linux, especially Slackware. GNU World Order RSS","title":"GNU World Order"},{"location":"posts/trents-favorite-podcasts/#hardcore-history","text":"HardCore History is an exciting and entertaining history podcast, mostly focusing on war. HardCore History RSS","title":"HardCore History"},{"location":"posts/trents-favorite-podcasts/#history-of-germany","text":"Unfortunately, the History Of Germany podcast, hosted by Travis Dow, suffers from sputtery repitition, um you know sputtery repitition, circular explanations, so like circular explanations, and some minor valley talk and vocal fry issues, so um like yeah. But the subject target is rich, exhaustive, and comprehensive, and covers the history of both Germany and Germanic peoples and tribes beginning with the Neanderthals. 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Syntax RSS Categories","title":"Syntax"},{"location":"posts/trents-favorite-podcasts/#rss-feeds","text":"2.5 Admins RSS Ask Noah Show RSS Bohemican RSS Coder Radio RSS Destination Linux RSS Django Chat RSS Django Riffs RSS Engines Of Our Ingenuity FLOSS Weekly RSS GNU World Order RSS HardCore History RSS History Of Germany RSS In Our Time: History RSS It's All Widgets Flutter Podcast RSS Late Night Linux RSS Linux Action News RSS Linux InLaws RSS Linux Unplugged RSS MiniPC RSS MintCast RSS No Agenda RSS Open Source Voices Python Bytes RSS React Podcast RSS Scholars & Sense RSS Self-Hosted RSS Sunday Morning Linux Review RSS Syntax RSS Talk Python To Me RSS Talking Kotlin RSS The History Of Ancient Greece RSS The Matt Freire Show RSS The Mike Dominick Show RSS Ubuntu Podcast RSS Wittenberg To Westphalia RSS You're Dead To Me RSS Categories","title":"RSS Feeds"},{"location":"posts/xmpp-apt-notifications/","text":"date: 2021-01-09 Introduction In order to save yourself the work of checking your computer for updates, configure it to send you a weekly notification for updates using cron and sendxmpp. Register an Xmpp User ssh into your prosody server and use prosodyctl to create a user for your computer. i.e. for your htpc: # prosodyctl adduser htpc@example.com You will be prompted to create a password. Install sendxmpp ssh into your computer and install sendxmpp . i.e. for your htpc: $ sudo apt-get install sendxmpp Configure sendxmpp ssh into your computer and login as the root user using $ sudo su write the following contents into /root/.sendxmpprc , i.e. for your htpc htpc@example.com;example.com <password> secure your .sendxmpprc file by making it read-only, and only accessible by the root user # chmod 600 /root/.sendxmpprc Create Cron Job While still logged in as root, open crontab for editing. # crontab -e And then write a command in crontab , i.e. for your htpc. #!/bin/bash PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin 15 3 * * 4 apt-get update && apt-get -u upgrade --assume-no | sendxmpp -t -u htpc <yourself>@example.com Receive Notifications on Android Device Example Notification in Yaxim on Android","title":"XMPP Apt Notification"},{"location":"posts/xmpp-apt-notifications/#introduction","text":"In order to save yourself the work of checking your computer for updates, configure it to send you a weekly notification for updates using cron and sendxmpp.","title":"Introduction"},{"location":"posts/xmpp-apt-notifications/#register-an-xmpp-user","text":"ssh into your prosody server and use prosodyctl to create a user for your computer. i.e. for your htpc: # prosodyctl adduser htpc@example.com You will be prompted to create a password.","title":"Register an Xmpp User"},{"location":"posts/xmpp-apt-notifications/#install-sendxmpp","text":"ssh into your computer and install sendxmpp . i.e. for your htpc: $ sudo apt-get install sendxmpp","title":"Install sendxmpp"},{"location":"posts/xmpp-apt-notifications/#configure-sendxmpp","text":"ssh into your computer and login as the root user using $ sudo su write the following contents into /root/.sendxmpprc , i.e. for your htpc htpc@example.com;example.com <password> secure your .sendxmpprc file by making it read-only, and only accessible by the root user # chmod 600 /root/.sendxmpprc","title":"Configure sendxmpp"},{"location":"posts/xmpp-apt-notifications/#create-cron-job","text":"While still logged in as root, open crontab for editing. # crontab -e And then write a command in crontab , i.e. for your htpc. #!/bin/bash PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin 15 3 * * 4 apt-get update && apt-get -u upgrade --assume-no | sendxmpp -t -u htpc <yourself>@example.com","title":"Create Cron Job"},{"location":"posts/xmpp-apt-notifications/#receive-notifications-on-android-device","text":"Example Notification in Yaxim on Android","title":"Receive Notifications on Android Device"}]}