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Forklift Upgrade Arch Linux To A Dell Precision 3561
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Introduction
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The New Laptop
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Creating a Rescue Disk
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Copying the efi partition files to Thumb Drive
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Copying the / partition files to the Thumb Drive
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Rescuing The Thumb Drive via Chroot
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Updating fstab for the Thumb Drive
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Rebuilding the Initramfs for the Thumb Drive
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Updating the systemd-boot Entry for the Thumb Drive
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Running Arch from USB
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Transfering Arch to the New ssds
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Formatting The New NVME ssds
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<a href="#copying-the-efi-partition-files-to-nvme-ssd" class="md-nav__link">
Copying the efi partition files to NVME ssd
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<a href="#copying-the-partition-files-to-the-new-nvme-ssds" class="md-nav__link">
Copying the / partition files to the new NVME ssds
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Rescuing The New Laptop via Chroot
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Updating fstab for The New Laptop
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Updating mdadm.conf and mkinitcpio.conf
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<a href="#updating-the-systemd-boot-entry-for-the-new-laptop" class="md-nav__link">
Updating the systemd-boot Entry for the New Laptop
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<a href="../ansible-kvm-router-lab-part-6/" class="md-nav__link">
Ansible KVM Router Lab Part 6
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Ansible KVM Router Lab Part 5
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Ansible KVM Router Lab Part 4
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Ansible KVM Router Lab Part 3
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Ansible KVM Router Lab Part 2
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Ansible KVM Router Lab Part 1
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Add KVM Network With Virsh
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KVM On Arch
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RaspberryPi LTE-Failover Router With DNS Caching
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Flutter Integration Test Server in Debian 11 Nspawn Container
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Debian 11 TT-RSS
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Trent's Favorite Podcasts
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Test QR SVG Django
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Prosody Photo Uploads
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XMPP Apt Notification
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Apache Virtual Hosts
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SENDXMPP Handler for Python Logging
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Instruction For Tethering From Phone
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LMDE4 Custom Partitions for Disk Encryption
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Linux Move Cursor With Keyboard
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Simplified Raspberry Streaming
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Clear Linux Encrypted XFS Root
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Clear Linux Guest Virt Manager
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Faster Partitioning with Sgdisk
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LMDE3 XFS Full Disk Encryption
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Rewrite Hugo Themes Report In Python
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Forklift Upgrade Arch Linux To A Dell Precision 3561
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The New Laptop
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Creating a Rescue Disk
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Copying the efi partition files to Thumb Drive
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Rebuilding the Initramfs for the Thumb Drive
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Copying the efi partition files to NVME ssd
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Updating fstab for The New Laptop
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Updating mdadm.conf and mkinitcpio.conf
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<h1>Forklift Upgrade Arch Linux To A Dell Precision 3561</h1>
<p>date: 2021-10-19</p>
<h2 id="introduction">Introduction</h2>
<p>I fork-lift upgraded my luks-encrypted Arch Linux installation from a Lenovo T460
to a luks-encrypted, software raid1 mirror on a Dell Precision 3561.</p>
<p>It was relatively easy to do.</p>
<h2 id="the-new-laptop">The New Laptop</h2>
<figure>
<img src=../../photos/fifty-screenFetch-2021-10-19_02-11-50.png width="100%" />
<figcaption>the Dell Precision 3561 runs Arch Linux flawlessly, btw</figcaption>
</figure>
<p>I ordered a new Dell Precision 3561 with the minimal ram and ssd configuration,
running Ubuntu 20.04.</p>
<p>The plan was to transfer a luks-encrypted Arch Linux from my Lenovo T460 to a
luks-encrypted thumbdrive. Then run Arch Linux from the thumbdrive on the new Precision 3561 for
a few days while I waited for Amazon to deliver some 1tb Samsung 830 nvme ssds.
And then finally to transfer the Arch installation from the thumbdrive onto an
luks-encrypted software raid1 mirror on the new Precision 3561.</p>
<p>Everything went according to plan, with not a single stumble or mishap; and so
I'm documenting here how it went down. The only thing left to do now is to order
64gb of ram, so I can run Android Studio, and continue working on
<a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=org.trentpalmer.trentreads" target="_blank">my Android App</a>
(which needs some work). And of course update Arch Linux 5 times a day.</p>
<p>I use Arch Linux, btw!</p>
<h2 id="creating-a-rescue-disk">Creating a Rescue Disk</h2>
<p>The transfer process I came up with involved two thumb drives: one to serve as
a live disk to work from, and the other to temporarily run Arch on the new laptop.</p>
<p>So why would I not use an Arch install disk as a live disk? Because I cache Arch
packages on my lan using an Nginx reverse-cacheing proxy, which makes it really
fast to simply bootstrap (pacstrap) a new Arch installation onto a thumb drive,
exactly as I would install Arch anywhere else.</p>
<h2 id="transfering-arch-to-usb">Transfering Arch to USB</h2>
<p>I booted my <em>old</em> T460 from my rescue disk and also plugged the other thumb drive into
a usb port.</p>
<h3 id="formatting-the-thumb-drive">Formatting the Thumb Drive.</h3>
<p>I opened the target thumbdrive in <code>gdisk</code> interactive partition tool, created a new
gpt partition table by pressing <code>o</code>. Then created a 1GB <em>efi</em> partition, type ef00,
and a single partition for the remainder of the 256gb thumb.</p>
<ul>
<li>I formatted the <em>efi</em> parition on the thumbdrive:<ul>
<li><code>mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/sdc1</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>I luks-encrypted the other partition on the thumbdrive:<ul>
<li><code>luksFormat -y -v /dev/sdc2</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Then I opened the new luks device:<ul>
<li><code>cryptsetup open /dev/sdc2 cryptroot</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>And formatted it:<ul>
<li><code>mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/cryptroot</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="copying-the-efi-partition-files-to-thumb-drive">Copying the <em>efi</em> partition files to Thumb Drive</h3>
<p>More specifically in a typical <code>systemd-boot</code> configuration the <em>efi</em> partition
contains the entire <code>/boot</code> directory.</p>
<ul>
<li>I mounted the T460's <em>efi</em> partition for Arch Linux:<ul>
<li><code>mount /dev/sda5 /mnt2</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>I mounted the thumbdrive's <em>efi</em> partition:<ul>
<li><code>mount /dev/sdc1 /mnt</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>And then copied all the files over:<ul>
<li><code>cp -av /mnt2/* /mnt/</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>I then unmounted the <em>efi</em> partitions:<ul>
<li><code>umount /mnt2 ; umount /mnt</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="copying-the-partition-files-to-the-thumb-drive">Copying the <code>/</code> partition files to the Thumb Drive</h3>
<ul>
<li>I decrypted the Arch <code>/</code> device on the T460<ul>
<li><code>cryptsetup open /dev/sda6 cryptroot2</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>And then mounted it:<ul>
<li><code>mount /dev/mapper/cryptroot2 /mnt2</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>...mounted the <code>/</code> device for the thumbdrive:<ul>
<li><code>mount /dev/mapper/cryptroot /mnt</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>And copied the files:<ul>
<li><code>rsync -aAXvPH /mnt2/ /mnt/</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="rescuing-the-thumb-drive-via-chroot">Rescuing The Thumb Drive via <em>Chroot</em></h2>
<ul>
<li>I unmounted the T460's <code>/</code> device:<ul>
<li><code>umount /mnt2</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Mounted the thumbdrive's <em>efi</em> partition relative to <code>/mnt</code><ul>
<li><code>mount /dev/sdc /mnt/boot</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>And entered <em>chroot</em>:<ul>
<li><code>arch-chroot /mnt</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="updating-fstab-for-the-thumb-drive">Updating <code>fstab</code> for the Thumb Drive</h3>
<ul>
<li>I located the UUID of the thumbdrive's <em>efi</em> partition:<ul>
<li><code>blkid /dev/sdc1</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>I located the UUID of the luks device:<ul>
<li><code>blkid /dev/mapper/cryptroot</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>And updated <code>/etc/fstab</code> accordingly.</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1"># /etc/fstab</span>
<span class="c1"># /dev/mapper/cryptroot</span>
<span class="na">UUID</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">391f6062-d8af-4266-a48c-186270d54ef3 / xfs rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,logbufs=8,logbsize=32k,noquota 0 1</span>
<span class="c1"># /dev/sdc1</span>
<span class="na">UUID</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">&quot;FACA-0B61&quot; /boot vfat rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro 0 2</span>
<span class="na">...</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h3 id="rebuilding-the-initramfs-for-the-thumb-drive">Rebuilding the <em>Initramfs</em> for the Thumb Drive</h3>
<p>Still inside <em>chroot</em> I ran the following command to rebuild the <em>initramfs</em>.
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>mkinitcpio -P
</code></pre></div></p>
<h3 id="updating-the-systemd-boot-entry-for-the-thumb-drive">Updating the <code>systemd-boot</code> Entry for the Thumb Drive</h3>
<ul>
<li>I located the UUID of <code>/dev/sdc2</code> with the following command:<ul>
<li><code>blkid /dev/sdc2</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>And updated <code>/boot/loader/entries/arch.conf</code> accordingly.</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1"># /boot/loader/entries/arch.conf</span>
<span class="na">title arch</span>
<span class="na">linux /vmlinuz-linux</span>
<span class="na">initrd /intel-ucode.img</span>
<span class="na">initrd /initramfs-linux.img</span>
<span class="na">options cryptdevice</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">UUID=f8c5062a-849d-4c56-bc98-2c93da85090f:cryptroot root=/dev/mapper/cryptroot rw quiet loglevel=3</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h2 id="running-arch-from-usb">Running Arch from USB</h2>
<p>At this point Arch would boot and run flawlessly on the new Dell Precision 3561.
I went ahead and changed the hostname, machine-id, ssh-keys, and host_ssh_keys to make it official.</p>
<p>While test-driving the new machine, I worked on my
<a href="https://github.com/TrentSPalmer/router-lab" target="_blank">Ansible-KVM Router Lab</a>.
As configured, the mobile workstation gets great battery life under a light work-load
of web browser and ssh terminal work.</p>
<p>Satisfied that the new system was going to work out, I ordered a pair of 1tb
Samsung 830 nvme ssds, and installed them when they arrived.</p>
<h2 id="transfering-arch-to-the-new-ssds">Transfering Arch to the New ssds</h2>
<p>After installing new nvme ssds, I booted the Dell Precision 3561 from my rescue disk,
and also plugged in the thumbdrive on which my Arch system was installed.</p>
<h3 id="formatting-the-new-nvme-ssds">Formatting The New NVME ssds</h3>
<p>I opened each nvme ssd in <code>gdisk</code>, created a new <em>gpt</em> partition table,
an 1GB <em>efi</em> partition (type ef00), and for the remainder of each disk
created a Linux Raid Parition (type fd00).</p>
<ul>
<li>I formatted one of the <em>efi</em> partitions:<ul>
<li><code>mkfs.vfat -F32 /dev/nvme0n1p1</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>I created a <em>raid</em> array:
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>mdadm --create --verbose --level<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span> --metadata<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">1</span>.2 <span class="se">\ </span>
--raid-devices<span class="o">=</span><span class="m">2</span> /dev/md0 /dev/nvme0n1p2 /dev/nvme1n1p2
</code></pre></div></li>
<li>I luks-encrypted the new <em>raid</em> array:<ul>
<li><code>luksFormat -y -v /dev/md0</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>I opened the new luks device:<ul>
<li><code>cryptsetup open /dev/md0 cryptroot</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>And then Formatted it:<ul>
<li><code>mkfs.xfs /dev/mapper/cryptroot</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="copying-the-efi-partition-files-to-nvme-ssd">Copying the <em>efi</em> partition files to NVME ssd</h3>
<ul>
<li>I mounted the thumbdrive's <em>efi</em> partition:<ul>
<li><code>mount /dev/sdb1 /mnt2</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Then I mounted the laptop's <em>efi</em> partition:<ul>
<li><code>mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>And copied to files to the new <em>efi</em> partition:<ul>
<li><code>cp -av /mnt2/* /mnt/</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>And then I unmounted both <em>efi</em> partitions:<ul>
<li><code>umount /mnt2 ; umount /mnt</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="copying-the-partition-files-to-the-new-nvme-ssds">Copying the <code>/</code> partition files to the new NVME ssds</h3>
<ul>
<li>First I opened the <code>/</code> luks device on the thumbdrive:<ul>
<li><code>cryptsetup open /dev/sdb2 cryptroot2</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>And then mounted it:<ul>
<li><code>mount /dev/mapper/cryptroot2 /mnt2</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Then I mounted the laptop's <code>/</code> luks device:<ul>
<li><code>mount /dev/mapper/cryptroot /mnt</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>And <code>rsynced</code> the operating system files onto the new laptop:<ul>
<li><code>rsync -aAXvPH /mnt2/ /mnt/</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="rescuing-the-new-laptop-via-chroot">Rescuing The New Laptop via <em>Chroot</em></h2>
<ul>
<li>First I unmounted the thumbdrive:<ul>
<li><code>umount /mnt2</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Then I mounted the <em>efi</em> partition relative to <code>/mnt</code>:<ul>
<li><code>mount /dev/nvme0n1p1 /mnt/boot</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>And entered <em>chroot</em>;<ul>
<li><code>arch-chroot /mnt</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="updating-fstab-for-the-new-laptop">Updating <code>fstab</code> for The New Laptop</h3>
<ul>
<li>I used to the following command to discover the UUID of the <code>/</code> device:<ul>
<li><code>blkid /dev/mapper/cryptroot</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>And a similar command to find the UUID of the <em>efi</em> partition:<ul>
<li><code>blkid /dev/nvme0n1p1</code></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Then I editted <code>/etc/fstab</code> to describe the above two UUIDs.</li>
</ul>
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1"># /etc/fstab</span>
<span class="c1"># /dev/mapper/cryptroot</span>
<span class="na">UUID</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">3486b7d1-ccc9-43dc-b8ab-abcf71aea90f / xfs rw,relatime,attr2,inode64,logbufs=8,logbsize=32k,sunit=32,swidth=256,noquota 0 1</span>
<span class="c1"># /dev/nvme0n1p1</span>
<span class="na">UUID</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">9FE0-2A98 /boot vfat rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=437,iocharset=ascii,shortname=mixed,utf8,errors=remount-ro 0 2</span>
<span class="na">...</span>
</code></pre></div>
<h3 id="updating-mdadmconf-and-mkinitcpioconf">Updating <code>mdadm.conf</code> and <code>mkinitcpio.conf</code></h3>
<p>When I boot the laptop, the initramfs must assemble the raid array, which requires
the following configuration details.</p>
<p>I appended a description of the raid array to the bottom of <code>/etc/mdadm.conf</code> by
running the following command.
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>mdadm --detail --scan &gt;&gt; /etc/mdadm.conf
</code></pre></div></p>
<p>Then I editted <code>/etc/mkinitcpio.conf</code> to require the <em>mdadm_udev</em> hook.
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="c1"># /etc/mkinitcpio.conf</span>
<span class="na">...</span>
<span class="c1"># change this</span>
<span class="na">HOOKS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">(base udev autodetect modconf block encrypt filesystems keyboard fsck)</span>
<span class="c1"># to this</span>
<span class="na">HOOKS</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">(base udev autodetect modconf block mdadm_udev encrypt filesystems keyboard fsck)</span>
<span class="na">...</span>
</code></pre></div>
And then finally rebuilt the <em>initramfs</em>:
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code>mkinitcpio -P
</code></pre></div></p>
<h3 id="updating-the-systemd-boot-entry-for-the-new-laptop">Updating the <code>systemd-boot</code> Entry for the New Laptop</h3>
<p>The final step was to update <code>/boot/loader/entries/arch.conf</code>.
As explained above, the initramfs assembles the raid device,
so I just need to tell the kernel about it.</p>
<p>I used the following command to discover the UUID of the <em>raid1</em> device:</p>
<ul>
<li><code>blkid /dev/md0</code></li>
</ul>
<p>And then updated <code>/boot/loader/entries/arch.conf</code> accordingly.
<div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><code><span class="na">title arch</span>
<span class="na">linux /vmlinuz-linux</span>
<span class="na">initrd /intel-ucode.img</span>
<span class="na">initrd /initramfs-linux.img</span>
<span class="na">options cryptdevice</span><span class="o">=</span><span class="s">UUID=48f782a9-6c1b-4242-84f9-66b20ff27845:cryptroot root=/dev/mapper/cryptroot rw quiet loglevel=3</span>
</code></pre></div></p>
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