124 lines
3.1 KiB
Markdown
124 lines
3.1 KiB
Markdown
# Nspawn Containers
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[This Link For Arch Linux Wiki for Nspawn Containers](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/Systemd-nspawn)
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### Create a FileSystem
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```bash
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cd /var/lib/machines
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# create a directory
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mkdir <container>
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# use pacstrap to create a file system
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pacstrap -i -c -d <container> base --ignore linux
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```
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At this point you might want to copy over some configs to save time later.
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* /etc/locale.conf
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* /root/.bashrc
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* /etc/locale.gen
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### First boot and create root password
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```bash
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systemd-nspawn -b -D <container>
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passwd
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poweroff
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# if you want to nat the container add *-n* flag
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systemd-nspawn -b -D <container> -n
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# and to bind mount the package cache
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systemd-nspawn -b -D <container> -n --bind=/var/cache/pacman/pkg
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```
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### Networking
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On Arch, assuming you have systemd-networkd and systemd-resolved
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set up correctly, networking from the host end of things should
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just work.
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However on Linode it does not. What does work on Linode is to create
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a bridge interface. Two files for br0 will get the job done.
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```text
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# /etc/systemd/network/50-br0.netdev
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[NetDev]
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Name=br0
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Kind=bridge
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```
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```text
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# /etc/systemd/network/50-br0.netdev
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[Match]
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Name=br0
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[Network]
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Address=10.0.55.1/24
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DHCPServer=yes
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IPMasquerade=yes
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```
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Notice how the configuration file tells systemd-networkd to offer
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DHCP service and to perform masquerade. You can modify the `systemd-nspawn`
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command to use the bridge interface. Every container attached to this bridge
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will be on the same subnet and able to talk to each other.
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```bash
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# first restart systemd-networkd to bring up the new bridge interface
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systemctl restart systemd-networkd
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# and add --network-bridge=br0 to systemd-nspawn command
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systemd-nspawn -b -D <container> --network-bridge=br0 --bind=/var/cache/pacman/pkg
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```
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### Automatically Starting the Container
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There are two ways to automate starting the container. You can override
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`systemd-nspawn@.service` or create an *nspawn* file.
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First enable machines.target
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```bash
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# to override the systemd-nspawn@.service file
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cp /lib/systemd/system/systemd-nspawn@.service /etc/systemd/system/systemd-nspawn@<container>.service
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```
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Edit `/etc/systemd/system/systemd-nspawn@<container>.service` to add the `systemd-nspawn` options
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you want to the `ExecStart` command.
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Or create `/etc/systemd/nspawn/<container>.nspawn`
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```text
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# /etc/systemd/nspawn/<container>.nspawn
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Bind=/var/cache/pacman/pkg
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[Network]
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Bridge=br0
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```
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```bash
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# in either case
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systemctl start/enable systemd-nspawn@<container>
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# to get a shell
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machinectl shell <container>
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# and then to get an environment
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bash
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```
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### Initial Configuration Inside The Container
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```bash
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# set time zone if you don't want UTC
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timedatectl set-timezone <timezone>
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# enable ntp, networktime
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timedatectl set-ntp 1
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# enable networking from inside the container
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systemctl enable systemd-networkd
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systemctl start systemd-networkd
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systemctl enable systemd-resolved
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systemctl start systemd-resolved
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rm /etc/resolv.conf
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ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/
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# ping google
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ping -c 3 google.com
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```
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[If you want to change the locale](https://wiki.archlinux.org/index.php/locale)
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