add kvm-on-arch.md
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title: "KVM On Arch"
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date: 2021-10-07
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draft: false
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tags: ["Arch", "linux", "kvm", "virtualmachine"]
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authors: ["trent"]
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post: 24
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---
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date: 2021-10-07
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## Introduction
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This is not intended to be a tutorial, but rather a walk-through of
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how I would install
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[libvirt/kvm on Arch Linux](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/Libvirt){target="_blank"}.
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## Packages
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* iptables-nft
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* dnsmasq
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* bridge-utils
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* openbsd-netcat
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* libvirt
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* qemu-headless
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* virt-install
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`virt-install` is not needed if connecting remotely with virt-manager,
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but it does provide `virt-clone`.
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## Configuration
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* enable libvirtd service
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* `systemctl enable libvirtd`
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* add user to libvirt group
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* `usermod -a -G libvirt <user>`
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### environment/bashrc
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```cfg
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# ~/.bashrc
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export LIBVIRT_DEFAULT_URI="qemu:///system"
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```
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reboot the machine
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## Network
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The default network is defined in `/etc/libvirt/qemu/networks/default.xml`.
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* Start the default network `virsh net-start default`.
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* Permanently enable the default network `virsh net-autostart default`.
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## Jump Host With `virt-manager`
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Abstract your jump host in `~/.ssh/config`
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```cfg
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# ~/.ssh/config
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Host jumphost
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Hostname <ip address>
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Port 22
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User <user>
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Host kvmhost
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Hostname <ip address>
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ProxyJump jumphost
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Port 22
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User <user>
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```
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Now you can connect `virt-manager` to <user\>@kvmhost
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## Console Access
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Enable serial console on guest.
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`systemctl enable serial-getty@ttyS0.service`
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## Nested KVM
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I was going to try to figure out how to permantly set the cpu mode default
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such that all virtualmachines will be capable of nested virtualization,
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but it already is. Perhaps that is the default in `virt-manager` now?
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Anyway, in case you want to make sure
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[nested virtualization](https://wiki.archlinux.org/title/KVM#Nested_virtualization){target="_blank"}
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is enabled in the host kernel.
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## Clone Ip Address Conflict
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I found a great tutorial
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[for assigning ip addresses](https://bobcares.com/blog/virsh-set-ip-address/){target="_blank"}.
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The problem we need to solve here is that virtual machine clones won't necessarily
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solicit a unique ip address, although a clone will have a new `mac address`.
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So, you clone a vm:
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* `virt-clone --original arch --name archone --auto-clone`
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Get the clone's mac address:
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* `virsh dumpxml archone | grep mac`
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### Now assign the clone a dhcp reservation:
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* `virsh net-edit default`
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Notice that I tighten up the dhcp range, and add a
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reservation outside the new dhcp range.
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```xml
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<network connections='1'>
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<name>default</name>
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<uuid>8013c9a5-606f-48a0-a3ec-1cf097e76fb1</uuid>
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<forward mode='nat'>
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<nat>
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<port start='1024' end='65535'/>
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</nat>
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</forward>
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<bridge name='virbr0' stp='on' delay='0'/>
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<mac address='52:54:00:ef:cb:d2'/>
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<ip address='192.168.122.1' netmask='255.255.255.0'>
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<dhcp>
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<!-- previous dhcp range
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<range start='192.168.122.2' end='192.168.122.254'/>
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-->
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<!-- begin new lines -->
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<range start='192.168.122.50' end='192.168.122.150'/>
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<host mac='52:54:00:cd:7d:7f' name='archone' ip='192.168.122.25'/>
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<!-- end new lines -->
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</dhcp>
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</ip>
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</network>
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```
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### Restart Default Network
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* `virsh net-destroy default`
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* `virsh net-start default`
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@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ markdown_extensions:
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nav:
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- Home:
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- Home: index.md
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- "KVM On Arch": posts/kvm-on-arch.md
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- "RaspberryPi LTE-Failover Router With DNS Caching": posts/raspberrypi-lte-failover-router-with-dns-caching.md
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- "Flutter Integration Test Server in Debian 11 Nspawn Container": posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server.md
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- "Debian 11 TT-RSS": posts/debian-11-ttrss.md
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@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ nav:
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- FreeCodeCampChallenges: https://trentspalmer.github.io/fcc-challenges/
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- DeviceLayout: https://trentpalmer.work/6a57bbe24d8244289610bf57533d6c6f/
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- Posts:
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- "KVM On Arch": posts/kvm-on-arch.md
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- "RaspberryPi LTE-Failover Router With DNS Caching": posts/raspberrypi-lte-failover-router-with-dns-caching.md
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- "Flutter Integration Test Server in Debian 11 Nspawn Container": posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server.md
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- "Debian 11 TT-RSS": posts/debian-11-ttrss.md
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