add docs/posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server.md
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---
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title: "Flutter Integration Test Server in Debian 11 Nspawn Container"
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date: 2021-09-24
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draft: false
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tags: ["debian", "nspawn", "android", "flutter"]
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authors: ["trent"]
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post: 22
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---
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date: 2021-09-24
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## Introduction
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### Performance
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Your Debian Server is way more powerful than your laptop or desktop
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and flutter integration_tests suck.
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### Ergonomics
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You have an Android Emulator (or a real device) connected to the machine
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that you are sitting in front of for reference, and now you can run
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integration_tests on a different device without having to juggle adb
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connections on the same machine.
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### Nspawn Tho?
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Because containers unlike virtual machines access the full power of the
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host, but nspawn containers are peristent like virtual machines, sparing
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you the cognitive overhead of dealing with the ephemerality of docker
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containers and/or of herding cats.
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And you already have nspawn, it's build into systemd. Even including the
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(virtual) network interfaces.
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### Documentation
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Let's face it: setting up an Android Development Environment is a nightmare.
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So don't just follow this guide; follow this guide a repetition of three
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times, building your own step-by-step for yourself as you go. Your brain
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will thank you.
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## Host Preparation (Debian 11)
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1. install `systemd-container` and `debootstrap`
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2. enable unprivileged user namespaces
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* `echo 'kernel.unprivileged_userns_clone=1' >/etc/sysctl.d/nspawn.conf`
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* `systemctl restart systemd-sysctl.service`
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3. you might as well allow debootstrap to user your apt-cacher-ng proxy
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* `export http_proxy=http://<ip address>:3142`
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### br0 bridge
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describe br0 bridge in `/etc/systemd/nspawn/ftest.nspawn` (optional).
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```cfg
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# /etc/systemd/nspawn/ftest.nspawn
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[Network]
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VirtualEthernet=yes
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Bridge=br0
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```
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## ZFS mountpoint
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This is optional, obviously; you might not even use zfs.
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* `zfs create vm_pool/nspawn/ftest`
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* `zfs set mountpoint=/var/lib/machines/ftest vm_pool/nspawn/ftest`
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* sanity check `zfs list -r vm_pool/nspawn`
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## bootstrap container
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```shell
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# for apt-cacher-ng proxy
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export http_proxy=http://<ip address>:3142
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debootstrap --include=systemd-container stable /var/list/machines/ftest
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```
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## preboot config
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1. delete container's package cache
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2. copy `/etc/apt/apt.conf` to container
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2. copy `/root/.bashrc` to container
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2. copy `/root/.inputrc` to container
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2. edit `/etc/hostname` in container
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2. [write nspawn file on host](#br0-bridge)
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2. copy `/etc/locale.gen` to `/etc/locale.gen.bak` on container
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## first interactive boot
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1. `systemd-nspawn -D /var/lib/machines/ftest -U --machine ftest`
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2. set passwd: `passwd`
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2. stop container: `logout`
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## run as service
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1. `systemctl start systemd-nspawn@ftest`
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2. login: `machinectl login ftest`
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2. start/enable network `systemctl enable --now systemd-networkd`
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2. add regular user `useradd <username>`
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## install applications
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### locale
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* install locales
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* edit `/etc/locale.gen` to taste and then run the command `locale-gen`
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### essential apps
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```shell
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apt-get install openssh-server git unzip wget sudo curl file rsync
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```
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### add regular user to sudo group
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`usermod -a -G sudo <user>`
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### other apps
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```shell
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apt-get install mosh htop haveged byobu needrestart tree bash-completion
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```
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### install openjdk-8 from stretch repo
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1. add following to `/etc/apt/sources.list`
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```cfg
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deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security stretch/updates main
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```
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2. `apt-get update && apt-get install openjdk-8-jdk-headless`
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## user environment
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You can now ssh into your container.
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scp your favorite environment files over to the container
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* ~/.byobu/
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* ~/.bashrc
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* ~/.bash_aliases
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* ~/.inputrc
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## install flutter
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Pick a location to taste; I prefer `~/.local/`
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```shell
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cd ; cd .local
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git clone https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
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```
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### downgrade flutter
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if needed:
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```shell
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cd ~/.local/flutter
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git checkout 2.2.3
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```
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## install command-line-tools
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The schuck and jive here is absurd, but here goes.
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Now is the time to decide where ANDROID_HOME and ANDROID_SDK_ROOT
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are going to be; I prefer `~/.local/share/Android/Sdk/`
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```shell
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mkdir -p ~/.local/share/Android/Sdk
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```
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### temporary installation of cmdline-tools
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[Command line tools only Scroll half way down](https://developer.android.com/studio){target="_blank"}
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```shell
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cd ~/.local/share/Android/Sdk
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wget https://dl.google.com/android/repository/commandlinetools-linux-7583922_latest.zip
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unzip commandlinetools-linux-7583922_latest.zip
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mkdir 5.0
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mv cmdline-tools/* 5.0/
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mv 5.0 cmdline-tools/
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```
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## flutter and sdk environment
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add the following to `~/.bashrc`
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```cfg
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function addToPATH {
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case ":$PATH:" in
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*":$1:"*) :;; # already there
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*) PATH="$PATH:$1";; # or PATH="$PATH:$1"
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esac
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}
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addToPATH ~/.local/flutter/bin
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addToPATH ~/.local/share/Android/Sdk/cmdline-tools/latest/bin
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addToPATH ~/.local/share/Android/Sdk/platform-tools
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# temporary path to temporary version of cmdline-tools
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addToPATH ~/.local/share/Android/Sdk/cmdline-tools/5.0/bin
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```
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add the following to `~/.bash_aliases`
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```cfg
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alias sdkmanager='sdkmanager --sdk_root=~/.local/share/Android/Sdk'
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```
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Confirm by logging out and then back in and:
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```shell
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which flutter ; which sdkmanager ; alias
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```
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### now install cmdline-tools for real
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`sdkmanager --install "cmdline-tools;latest"`
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and then logout and log back in
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#### cleanup
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At this point I think you can remove or comment the temporary PATH
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statement from `~/.bashrc` for the temporary location of cmdline-tools
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## install Android SDK
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review your options
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```shell
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sdkmanager --list
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```
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and then install them
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(platform-tools: adb and fastboot will be pulled in automatically)
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```shell
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sdkmanager --install "platforms;android-30" \
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"build-tools;31.0.0" "build-tools;30.0.3"
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```
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## confirm flutter installation
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`flutter doctor`
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## run tests
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At this point you shoud be able to rsync a flutter app over to the container, connect to a device using network adb,
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and run something like:
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```shell
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flutter drive --driver integration_test/driver.dart \
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--target integration_test/app_test.dart --profile
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```
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@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ markdown_extensions:
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nav:
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- Home:
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- Home: index.md
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- "Flutter Integration Test Server in Debian 11 Nspawn Container": posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server.md
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- "Debian 11 TT-RSS": posts/debian-11-ttrss.md
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- "Trent's Favorite Podcasts": posts/trents-favorite-podcasts.md
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- "Test QR SVG Django": posts/test-qr-svg-django.md
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@ -59,6 +60,7 @@ nav:
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- FreeCodeCampChallenges: https://trentspalmer.github.io/fcc-challenges/
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- DeviceLayout: https://trentpalmer.work/6a57bbe24d8244289610bf57533d6c6f/
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- Posts:
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- "Flutter Integration Test Server in Debian 11 Nspawn Container": posts/debian-11-nspawn-flutter-integration-test-server.md
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- "Debian 11 TT-RSS": posts/debian-11-ttrss.md
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- "Trent's Favorite Podcasts": posts/trents-favorite-podcasts.md
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- "Test QR SVG Django": posts/test-qr-svg-django.md
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